1. www.mtri.org Richard J. Dobson (rjdobson@mtu.edu), Colin Brooks, Chris Roussi,rjdobson@mtu.edu Ben Hart, Dave Dean - MTRI Unpaved Roads Data Collections

2. Remote Controlled Helicopter Bergen Tazer 800  Weight: 5.22kg, 12.75kg loaded  Max flight time: 18 minutes  Max Payload: 10kg  GPS IMU: Full autopilot system with the capability of flying preprogrammed waypoints

3. Remote Controlled Helicopter

4. Ground Station Set waypoints for helicopter collect Google Earth interface Ability to set the altitude and speed

5. Ground Station

7. Uploading Waypoints to the Helicopter

8. Data Collects Total flight time: 16 minutes (not including a 2 minute reserve) Flight time for a 200 m section: 4 minutes During collects helicopter is flown at 2 m/s and at an altitude of 25 m and 30 m (below 100’), rural areas only Camera Used: Nikon D800  36.3 MP resolution  55 mm prime lens 8

9. Unpaved Road Characteristics Unpaved roads have common characteristics  Cross Section (Loss of Crown) Facilitates drainage, typically 2% - 4% (up to 6%) vertical change Sloping away from the centerline to the edge Measure the profile every 10' along the road direction Able to detect a 1% change across a 9'-wide lane  Potholes 3‘ width bins 4” depth bins  Ruts Detect features >5”, >10' in length, precision +/-2”  Corrugations (washboarding) Classify by depth to a precision of +/-1” 3” Report total area of the reporting segment affected  Roadside Drainage System should be able to measure ditch bottom Relative to road surface within +/-2”, if >6” Detect the presence of water, elevation +/-2”, width +/-4”  Float aggregate (berms)  Surface type  Surface width Collected every 10', with a precision of +/- 4”

10. Site Preparation Road divided into 50 m sections (for test flights) Road was blocked during flights

11. Distress Measurements Measurements are taken of all distresses within the segment  Potholes  Rutting  Washboarding  Loose aggregate

12. Remote Controlled Helicopter Demonstration http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KBNQzM7xGQo

13. Piotter Rd. and Garno Collect November 8, 2012

14. Helicopter Collect Piotter Rd.

15. Helicopter Data – Piotter Rd. 25 m Altitude

16. Helicopter Collect Garno Rd.

17. Helicopter Data – Garno Rd. 25m Altitude

18. Resolution from 25m at Garno Rd.

19. Aerial Collect Aircraft: Cessna 172 Average air speed: 65 Knots (~75 mph) Altitudes flown: 500 and 1000 feet Nikon D800 with 105 mm prime lens

20. Aerial Collect Piotter

21. Aerial Data – Piotter Rd. 500 ft Altitude

22. Aerial Collect Garno Rd.

23. Aerial Data – Garno Rd. 500 ft Altitude

24. 2013 Collects Planned addition of Bergen Hexacopter  Compare & contrast capabilities of single-rotor helicopter vs. multi-rotor helicopter  Fly rural unpaved roads with variety of distresses New aerial collect with 200 mm lens  Camera will be mounted to the door of a Cessna 152 - nadir  Working with John Sullivan of Aerial Associates Photography, Inc., as recommended by President of Professional Aerial Photographers Association Chuck Boyle 2013 collection details will be documented in Deliverable 7-A – Field Deployment Plans report, due 5/30/2013