1. HOLY SPIRIT IN THE NEW TESTAMENT CHURCH THE COMMISSIONING OF THE CHURCH

2. COMMISSIONING Pentecost—Acts 2 Proclamation Why tongues? Tongues and the spread of the Gospel

3. PENTECOST Who were the persons involved Where were they? When do these events take place? What phenomena occurred?

4. THE PEOPLE INVOLVED 2:1, “all”—refers back to chapter 1 1:2, “apostles whom He had chosen.” 1:3, 4, “wait for the promise...” 1:6, came together with questions 1:12-14, return to Jerusalem 1:15, “about 120 persons...” No division of group until 2:14 They were believers...

5. WHERE WERE THEY? In Jerusalem 1:4, Jesus’ command 1:12, they returned to Jerusalem 2:14, “Men of Judea, and all you who live in Jerusalem”

6. WHERE WERE THEY? In an upper room 1:13, “upper room where they were staying” Room in which Last Supper was held Room where Jesus’ appeared after resurrection (Luke 24:33, 36; John 20:19, 26) House of Mary, mother of John Mark (Acts 12:12) Architecture of the day? Large crowd to assemble?

7. WHERE WERE THEY? In the Temple Luke 24:52-53, “continually in the temple, praising God.” Acts 2:46, “continuing with one mind in the temple” Festival day Large crowd assembled quickly

8. WHEN? PENTECOST Pentekoste, “fiftieth” Exodus 23:16; 34:22 Lev. 23:15-21 Num. 28:26-31 Deut. 16:9-12 Possible linkage to the giving of the Law at Sinai—Maimonides (1135-1204)

9. WHAT? Verses 2-3 Sound of a violent wind Old Testament precedents New Testament precedents Tongues of fire Singular visual, that divided Associated with the presence of God John the Baptist (Matt. 3:11; Luke 3:16) Relevance of sound and visual?

10. WHAT? Verse 4 “All”—pantes, same “all” as 2:1 “Were filled”—eplesthesan “Began to speak”—arzanto lalein “With other tongues”– eterais glossais “As the Spirit was giving them utterance”— apophthengesthai Content of tongues—2:11

11. WHAT? Verse 5 Katoikeo—live, dwell, settle Eulabas—devotion and commitment Verses 6-13 What drew the crowd? Each hearing their own language The responses of the crowd

12. COMMISSIONING Pentecost—Acts 2 Proclamation Why tongues? Tongues and the spread of the Gospel

13. PROCLAMATION Peter preaches—2:14 Peter, the spokesperson Peter “stands” Peter “raises his voice,” eparen Peter “declares to them,” apophthengesthai True Christian preaching—always something of the prophetic involved

14. PROCLAMATION Peter’s kerygma, 2:14-39 Defense of the present situation (v. 15) The text (vv. 16-21, from Joel 2:28-32) Explanation of the Christ-event (vv. 22-24) Scriptural defense of the resurrection (vv. 25- 35) The thesis of the sermon (v. 36) The appeal (v. 38-39)

15. COMMISSIONING Pentecost—Acts 2 Proclamation Why tongues? Tongues and the spread of the Gospel

16. WHY TONGUES? A traditional answer Tongues are an external evidence Tongues are a uniform evidence Tongues reveal the personality of the Spirit Tongues evidence the truth of Spirit baptism Tongues are a testimony to the nature of the Spirit-filled, Spirit-led life

17. WHY TONGUES? Another answer—the reversal of Babel Babel, the most obvious language event in the OT; Pentecost the most obvious language event in the NT Similarities between the two accounts Contrasts between the two accounts God chose tongues as the unique sign of Spirit Baptism to signify the universality of the Gospel

18. WHY TONGUES? Universal Revelation Restricted Revelation (Israel) BABEL PENTECOST

19. COMMISSIONING Pentecost—Acts 2 Proclamation Why tongues? Tongues and the spread of the Gospel

20. TONGUES AND THE SPREAD The Juncture Theory Juncture One—Pentecost, Jerusalem (Acts 2) Juncture Two—Cornelius, Caesarea, (Acts 10) Juncture Three—Disciples of John, Ephesus, (Acts 19) Benefits of this theory Acts does have a progression (Acts 1:8) Explains why Luke uses tongues selectively

21. TONGUES AND THE SPREAD Arguments against the juncture theory Why was not tongues mentioned in the Samaria revival (Acts 8)? There are other instances of tongues in the New Testament (other than Acts 2, 10, 19)

22. TIMELINE A.D. 29-30, Acts 2, Pentecost A.D. 30-32, Acts 8, Samaria A.D. 31-33, Acts 9, Saul’s conversion A.D. 33-35, Acts 10, Cornelius’ house A.D. 53-55, Acts 18, Paul in Corinth A.D. 53-55, Acts 19, Ephesian disciples A.D. 55, 1 Corinthians written from Ephesus

23. OBSERVATIONS 1 Corinthians 12 shows that glossolalia was a prominent aspect of worship in Corinth Precedes writing of the letter Could have begun during Paul’s ministry there (A.D. 53-55) 1 Corinthians 14 shows Paul a tongues-speaker When did he begin? Had to be before writing the letter (A.D. 55)

24. OBSERVATIONS More occurrences of glossolalia than merely the three in Acts Could argue that Luke chose to include glossolalia because it was commonly accepted Deuteronomy 19:15b, “on the evidence of two or three witnesses...”