1. Welcome!
ASL 3 and 4- Lecture Day

2. From last year’s classifier PPT

3. Perspectives- ASL 3
Classifier predicates are not limited to one location. For example (Valli p.90):

4. CL:3 “surface pass under vehicle” – signed at eye level indicates “I saw the car go by” Valli p.91

5. ASL 3
Classifiers are bound morphemes- they have no meaning on their own, but must be used in conjunction with their noun
ASL 3: locatives- “lock” in place
Classifier movement can show several types of meaning
Eg. Two ways of showing cars in a row: cl cl cl , or sweeping (concept of more than one)

6. 12.Classifiers are: A. bound morphemes B. free morphemes
Test Question:
12.Classifiers are:
A. bound morphemes
B. free morphemes
13.True or false:
Perspective is important in ASL classifier predicates, and can show whether the signer is viewing the predicate or not.

7. Classifiers- examples
Test sheet by Monday to view, practice. Classifier test Wednesday? As you are ready.

8. Misc. Grammar: Noun verb pairs- reduplication
Minimal Pairs- ASL vs. English
Language acquisition vs. learning
(acquisition naturally occurs, learning is in a class setting, trying to present real-world opportunities but limited
Socialize and find real-world opportunities

9. Blocking Environmental Interference
= Tuning out sounds around you
The trick: learning when to ignore sound vs. pay attention to it
Difference in a conversation vs. interpreting

10. Time Lag
The amount of time from when the person spoke to when you interpret their signs
The greater the time lag in ASL interpreting, the more accurate the interpretation- to a point
Issues: the longer the time lag, the more likely you are to forget information
Skilled interpreters develop this over time

11. Levels of Discourse in Linguistics and ASL examples
Advanced ASL
Levels of Discourse in Linguistics and ASL examples

12. Levels of Meaning Sociolinguistics, Narration
Semantics, Pragmatics, Prosody
S y n t a x
Morphology
Phonology

13. Phonology
Phonology: Organization of speech sounds in a particular language (same sounds, different sound inventories); organization of parts of signs in signed languages
Phonetics: The study of speech sounds or parts of signs
Articulatory (production)
Acoustic (transmission)
Auditory (perception)

14. Phonology
The study of how languages organize the smallest parts of words or signs
A phoneme represents the distinctive unit that if changed will create a minimal pair (ASL minimal pair e.g.- HOME vs. DEAF)
Phonetics is the study of how the signs (or sounds) are realized during communication (ASL e.g.-STUDENT)

15. Phonology vs. Morphology
Phonology studies the smallest contrastive parts of language (e.g. in ASL: holds, movements).
The parts of language studied in phonology do not have meaning in isolation.
English e.g. letters: s-i-t-s;
ASL e.g. handshape (flat:o)
Morphology is the study of the smallest meaningful units in language, and how language uses these units to build signs (or words).
Morpheme: the smallest meaningful unit in a language

16. Morphology Morpheme: the smallest unit of meaning in a language
E.g. happily- English: = happy + ly
(often “happily” =NMS attached to sign)
E.g ASL= HAPPY + NMS
ASL: “careless” from NMS (tongue)
English: present progressive -ing

18. Morphemes
Free Morphemes
Bound Morphemes

19. Free Morphemes
Morphemes that can occur as independent units, that can occur by themselves
English e.g. cat, sit
ASL e.g. CAT, LOUSY

20. Bound Morphemes
Morphemes that must occur with other morphemes, that cannot occur as independent units
English e.g. plural -s- ‘cats’ and third person -s- ‘sits’
ASL e.g. the 3 handshape: THREE-WEEKS and THREE-MONTHS

21. Syntax
Syntax: rules for making sentences, based on grammar- word order, etc.
Note on Language Assessment/Usage:
Competence: what you know about a language, including its syntax
Performance: how you use the language (errors, etc.)

22. Sentences Sentences in language are infinite
Finite (limited) set of rules for making sentences
Language users know these rules, whether conscious or unconscious

23. Semantics The literal meaning of a sign/word
A chair is a chair is a chair… or is it?
Perception influences semantics

24. Semantics: The sense of a word… its literal meaning
Chair
Dog

25. Pragmatics Communicating more than what is literally stated or signed
Adds to the semantic meaning
Depends on the speaker/signer, addressee, and context
Many L2 learners struggle with this; details are often not taught in classes

26. The end--- Tests this six weeks:
1. Friday (tomorrow) – medical signs, sentences A-D
2. Classifier test
3. Written test
4. 1 on 1 conversation- as you are ready (after we practice all parts)
Final Exam information: written test (MC/TF), signed portion (video,), 1 on 1 conversation