1. Southern Europe & the Balkan Peninsula
Chapter 16
Pages

2. Iberian Peninsula

3. Spain - History Covers 85% of Iberia Controlled by Rome
A.D. 700s Arabs invaded – set up universities, new farming techniques, & spread Islam.
Arabs forced out by the Christians in 1492
Built an overseas empire
Spain’s Legacy – 400 million Spanish speakers world-wide

4. Spain - Government
Monarchy – Dictatorship - Democracy - Constitutional Monarchy
Spain is divided into 17 regions with autonomy – gov’t makes decisions on health & social programs, urban planning, education, & local issues

5. Spain – Culture Religion – Catholic
Language – 75% speak Castilian Spanish, Basque,Catalan
Towns have open spaces for people to meet called squares or plazas
Architecture has Arabic influences (arches)

6. Spain’s Economy Textiles, automobiles, & ships Tourism
Agriculture (olive oil & wine)

7. Issues & Challenges in Spain
Unemployment & Immigration (from Africa)
Political problems – Independence movements (Basques)

8. Portugal in a “nut shell”
History –
controlled by Rome and later Arabs
Led Exploration
Gov’t = Democracy
Tourism is important
Economy – world’s leading producer of cork

9. The Italian Peninsula

10. History
Roman Empire – helped spread Christianity culture, language (Latin), architecture, laws, etc.

11. History Continued
Renaissance – “rebirth” or renewed interest in learning. Affected art, writing, architecture. Ex. da Vinci & Michelangelo.

12. Microstates
Vatican City
Monaco
San Marino

13. Italian Culture Language = Italian Religion = Roman Catholic
Cultural Fact = most important meal is in the middle of the day
Capital = Rome
Economy = northern Italy (industrial), southern Italy (agricultural)

14. Greece

15. Greece’s History
Ancient Greece was known for its creation of democracy, philosophy, drama, influence on science, math, and sports.

16. Greece’s Culture Language = Greek
Religion = 98% Greek Orthodox Christian
Common foods = baklava

17. Western Balkans
Bosnia & Herzegovina, Croatia, Macedonia, & Slovenia were all once apart of Yugoslavia.
Serbia and Montenegro

18. Enclave
When once ethnic group of people is surrounded by another ethnic group of people.
Ex. Bosnian Muslims surrounded by Croatian Christians.

19. War in the Western Balkans
Civil war broke out in many of these countries after the fall of communism.
Even today in cities, such as Kosovo, peace is shaky.

20. Eastern Balkans
Bulgaria, Romania, & Moldova