1. Wide Area Augmentation System (WAAS) DAN HANLON WAAS PROGRAM MANAGER Tom Salat WAAS NAS INTEGRATION

2. GPS in Wide Spread Use GPS used in aviation since 1992…provides significant benefits to aviation –Over 3500 non-precision GPS instrument procedures Non-precision does not provide descent guidance to pilot –Provides lower landing minimums for airports w/o Radio Navigation Aids (400’ AGL) –Reduce reliance on and cost of radio navigation infrastructure

3. Why Augment GPS? Technical Reasons Current GPS constellation cannot support requirements for all phases of flight –Integrity Know when it’s providing bad information & correcting for it –Accuracy With SA off, GPS vertical accuracy > 15 m 7m or less need for precision approach –Availability and continuity Plan to have it at your destination Assurance it will be available when arrive

4. Why Augment GPS? Operational Reasons 1.Provides ILS-like capability for little or no cost 2.Provides primary navigation system capability without line-of-sight limitations 3.Will allow GPS to replace NDBs and >50% VORs and associated avionics in aircraft

5. WAAS Components WAAS consists of: –25 reference stations –2 master stations –2 geosynchronous satellites –3 uplink stations Corrects: –Timing Errors –Orbital Errors –Faulty Satellites –Atmospheric Errors Provides additional GPS satellite signals

6. How Does It Work?

10. Current GEO Service Inmarsat III Main Problem Is Single Coverage Over the Majority of CONUS INMARSAT 3 AOR/W 54  W INMARSAT 3 POR 178  E

11. GEO Transition Provides Dual Coverage Over CONUS and Alaska with AOR/W as hot spare INMARSAT 3 AOR/W 54  W INMARSAT 3 POR 178  E INMARSAT AOR/W 98  W Telesat 107  W PanAmSat 133  W

12. Vertical Coverage Sample, Aug,12 05 Additional WRS’s will improve vertical coverage

13. Area Navigation Availability Dashed black line indicates NPA coverage

14. WAAS Capabilities 100% Coverage CONUS & Alaska From 100,000 Ft. to Surface Horizontal Accuracy <1.5M Vertical Accuracy <3M Better Than 99.99% Availability Of System WAAS Specific Approaches (LPV) Published –Sep 2003 - 250’ Minimums Began publication of WAAS specific approaches (LPV) in September 2003 Continuing to develop the system to expand vertical navigation to most of North America

15. Airspace Benefits Aids in transition to more advanced navigation capability –WAAS supports Required Navigation Performance (RNP) –Provides very high quality navigation signal for lower RNP values (better than.11) Improves airspace system efficiency and capacity –Complex procedures available to all aircraft –Advanced arrival and departure procedures –Promotes airspace redesign –Guidance through position velocity time (PVT)/FMS RNAV Cost savings by decommissioning of redundant ground based navigation aids

16. Airport Benefits Precision Approach Capability At All Runway Ends Positive Departure Guidance Enhanced Noise Abatement By Use of Advanced Procedures Available to all users at reasonable cost No Radio Navigation Aids required Less stringent cost/benefit justification

17. WAAS Avionics Certified receivers –Over 2,500 Garmin GNS-480s sold –Chelton systems with Free Flight Systems WAAS sensor Recent developments –50,000 Garmin units in field that can be upgraded Upgrade cost expected to be $1500, available Fall 2006 –The FAA is currently teaming with other manufacturers to develop additional LPV receivers in all functional classes GNS-480 GNS-530

18. Operational Implementation GLS 200’ 3o3o

19. LPV Candidate Airports (Runway ends 3200’ or greater)

20. Pending GPS Approaches for California There are currently 7 LPV approaches in CA, McClellan, Chino, Fresno (2), Long Beach, San Jose (2) 32 LPV approaches pending at 22 Airports -Apple Valley - Southern California Logistics -Arcada - Watsonville Muni -Nervino -Byron -California City -Buchanan Fld -Hayward Executive -Monetery Peninsula -Metropolitan Oakland Int’l -Ontario -Palm Springs -Riverside -Sacramento Int’l -San Francisco Int’l -San Jose Int’l -Reid-Hillview of Santa Clara -Stockton Metro -Tracy Muni -Cable

21. Preparing your airport for WAAS

22. Preparing Airports for WAAS No Ground Hardware Required Airport Infrastructure Needed –Paved Runways Over 3200ft –Parallel Taxiway –Medium Intensity Runway Lights –Non-Precision Runway Markings, Precision Markings for lowest min Step 1: Reference AC 150/5300-13 (Airport Design Guide) Step 2: Contact Airport District Office - Infrastructure Improvements Step 3: Surveys Step 4: Airport Layout Plan

23. STEP 1 – AC 150/5300 - 13 AC 150/5300-13 Airport Design provides the guidance for developing the airport –Appendix 16 defines the requirements for new instrument approaches Table A16-1B defines the requirements for APV-RNP instrument procedures (LPV) Lower requirements for higher minimums

24. Airport Infrastructure Requirements

25. STEP 2 – Airports District Office Make Contact with the Airports District Office for your area to discuss and determine what infrastructure requirements will yield the lowest minimums against cost and time constraints –Review current infrastructure and determine (from Table A16-1B) what visibility minimums are required –Determine in conjunction with the ADO determine what infrastructure changes are best for the airport If the current infrastructure does not meet the requirements then an upgrade to the infrastructure is required or reduced minima will be used to develop the procedure

26. STEP 3 – Surveys Refer to Table A16-2 to determine the type of survey required and then determine if your airport has a current survey of the appropriate type –All airport surveys must be FAA 405 compliant –ANA-PC or PIR survey required –Can use 405 type D survey If an appropriate type survey is not available, then review the required documents and initiate a request for a survey of the appropriate type

27. Survey Requirements

28. STEP 4 – Airport Layout Plan Based on information from Table A16-1B, verify the appropriate level of service is indicated on the Approved Airport Layout Plan If the appropriate level of service is not on the approved ALP, then take action to update the ALP to the appropriate level of service

29. Questions? You can find more details on our website at: http://gps.faa.gov Procedures information can be accessed at: http://avn.faa.gov Survey information can be accessed at: http://www.ngs.noaa.gov/AERO/aero.html Dan.Hanlon@faa.gov Thomas.ctr.Salat@faa.gov