1. Bellringer Clear off your desk… ITS QUIZ TIME!

2. Agenda 1.The First Greeks 2.Foundations of Greek Culture 3.Ancient Greek Values

3. Objectives Students will be able to… 36. Identify the foundations of Greek values and culture, including the Minoans and Mycenaeans.

4. Ancient Greece Most historians consider Ancient Greece to be the foundation of our culture today Understanding Ancient Greece is essential for understanding ourselves But where did Ancient Greek culture come from? Objective #36

5. The First Greeks

6. The Minoans Civilization based on the island of Crete – Capital at Knossos

7. Where is Ancient Greece?

8. Where is Crete?

9. Minoan Civilization Named after King Minos – You read about him… Dominant in Mediterranean trade from 2000 to 1400 BCE Not quite Greek, but Greek-like

10. Minoans Collapse Recover from disaster in 1700 BCE Can’t recover from earthquakes and volcanic eruption in 1470 BCE Probably invaded from mainland Greece

11. Cultural Diffusion! Minoans trade throughout Mediterranean – Mainland Greece (Europe) – Asia Minor – Egypt Spread pottery techniques, religion, and maybe language

12. Then, the Mycenaeans Nomads settle in Greece, borrow cultural ideas from the Minoans, and probably invade Crete Mycenaeans – Take over Mediterranean trade – Fall to nomadic invaders around 1200 BCE

13. The Mycenaeans

14. Before they die… The Mycenaeans create Greek culture – Language – Religion/mythology – Art and literature They also fight the Trojan War Remember Helen’s Husband and Brother-in-law?

15. Ancient Greek Values

16. Greek Values Respect the gods Family Arete (valor or virtue) Agon (competition) Kleos aphthiton (undying glory)

17. Respect the Gods The gods are like high schoolers – Jealous – Petty – Easily angered – And they hold grudges Don’t make them angry, or you will pay – Myths tell you how to act – Rule #5

18. Family Loyal to their family and friends, welcome guests as temporary family members Examples: – Greeks fight for 10 years to get Helen back in the Iliad, led by Helen’s husband’s brother – Odysseus travels for 10 years to return home to his wife, who remains faithful

19. Arete Your value or worth, your moral excellence Examples: – Warriors and athletes honored in the Iliad and Odyssey – Celebration of Odysseus’ and Penelope’s intelligence

20. Agon Competition or conflict, whether in sport, battle, or conversation. The Greeks love to compete Examples: – Constant athletic challenges throughout the Iliad and Odyssey – Olympic Games

21. Kleos Aphthiton Undying glory – the ultimate goal for the Ancient Greeks was to be remembered forever Examples: – Achilles (Iliad): you know how he died – Kings trying to be the most powerful – Olympic athletes – Spartan warriors

22. The Tale of Croesus Herodotus: the world’s first historian Croesus: the king of Lydia, the most powerful kingdom in Western Asia

23. Where is Lydia? Greece Lydia Persia

24. The Oracles Oracles can see the future Most famous oracle was at Delphi Locals will allow you to ask questions of the oracle…for a price Treasury of the Athenians at Delphi

25. Oracle at Delphi

26. A Mighty Empire Falls The Lydian Empire!

27. A Mule is Monarch It was Cyrus! “the mule cited in the oracle is Cyrus himself, who was born from parents of different peoples and different social stations.”

28. The Lessons 1.Oracles are vague and must be interpreted carefully 2.Hubris (excessive pride) will bring you down

29. Mr. Poth’s Rule of World History #6 If you act like you can’t lose, you will

30. What are some similarities between the Mycenaeans and Minoans? -Pre-Greek Civilizations - Both conquered - Both dominated Mediterranean trade

31. Palace at Knossos

32. Grand Staircase

33. Theater

34. Plumbing 6 miles of interlocking pipes to bring water from the mountain

35. Art (frescos)