1. Militarism Alliances Imperialism Nationalism 4 MAIN Causes of World War I – Built up for decades before 1914 All the countries of Europe built up their armies and navies. In 1914, their armed forces stood like this: Germany: 2,200,000 soldiers, 97 warships Austria-Hungary: 810,000 soldiers, 28 warships. Italy: 750,000 soldiers, 36 warships France: 1,125,000 soldiers, 62 warships Russia: 1,200,000 soldiers, 30 warships Great Britain: 711,000 soldiers, 185 warships As each country increased their armies, all the others felt obliged to increase their armed forces and establish alliances to keep the ‘balance of power’. Land of Hope and Glory, mother of the free... God who made thee mighty, will make thee mightier yet. The words of Land of Hope and Glory, English ballad sung by British people at the parades. Germany, Germany above all, over everything in the world, When it steadfastly holds together, offensively and defensively. The words of the German national anthem, Deutschland über Alles

2. Or should we say….MANIAC??? Militarism Alliance System Nationalism Imperialism Archduke Franz Ferdinand (assassination) which caused…. Crisis in the Balkans

3. Crisis in the Balkan “Powder Keg” Sparks War Balkans were home to various ethnic groups that had long standing conflicts and were not independent nations. Balkans is at the crossroads of Catholic, Orthodox Christian and Muslim religious influence which furthered tensions. Nationalism was a powerful & dividing force in that had grown due to many wars & changing borders in the region. Various ethnic & religious groups wanted their own independent nations

4. Serbia’s desire to control Bosnia created tensions among allies: Russia (Serbia) vs. Austria-Hungary (Bosnia) PAN SLAVIC NATIONALISM: Serbia was small independent republic (allied with Russia) that wanted to unite all slavs in the Balkans into one nation. Bosnia was an ethnically mixed region controlled by the Austro- Hungarian Empire (ally of Germany) that included many Slavs

5. Explain how cartoon illustrates the causes of World War I in 1914