1. GAS EXCHANGE

2.  Found in insects TRACHEA SYSTEM

3.  Found in insects  Hollow tubes throughout the body supplying oxygen – trachea TRACHEA SYSTEM

4.  Found in insects  Hollow tubes throughout the body supplying oxygen – trachea  Open to the outside through holes called spiracles in the exoskeleton TRACHEA SYSTEM

5.  Found in insects  Hollow tubes throughout the body supplying oxygen – trachea  Open to the outside through holes called spiracles in the exoskeleton  Trachea are kept open by circular bands of chitin – they lead to smaller tubes without chitin bands called tracheoles TRACHEA SYSTEM

6.  Found in insects  Hollow tubes throughout the body supplying oxygen – trachea  Open to the outside through holes called spiracles in the exoskeleton  Trachea are kept open by circular bands of chitin – they lead to smaller tubes without chitin bands called tracheoles  Tracheoles end in a moist ‘skin’ that reaches every cell so oxygen can now diffuse into the cells. TRACHEA SYSTEM

7.  Found in insects  Hollow tubes throughout the body supplying oxygen – trachea  Open to the outside through holes called spiracles in the exoskeleton  Trachea are kept open by circular bands of chitin – they lead to smaller tubes without chitin bands called tracheoles  Tracheoles end in a moist ‘skin’ that reaches every cell so oxygen can now diffuse into the cells.  Some insects can ‘pump’ their body to assist in the gas exchange – like a very simple form of breathing. TRACHEA SYSTEM

8.  Found in insects  Hollow tubes throughout the body supplying oxygen – trachea  Open to the outside through holes called spiracles in the exoskeleton  Trachea are kept open by circular bands of chitin – they lead to smaller tubes without chitin bands called tracheoles  Tracheoles end in a moist ‘skin’ that reaches every cell so oxygen can now diffuse into the cells.  Some insects can ‘pump’ their body to assist in the gas exchange – like a very simple form of breathing.  Insects blood is clear because it doesn’t carry gases TRACHEA SYSTEM

9.  Found in insects  Hollow tubes throughout the body supplying oxygen – trachea  Open to the outside through holes called spiracles in the exoskeleton  Trachea are kept open by circular bands of chitin – they lead to smaller tubes without chitin bands called tracheoles  Tracheoles end in a moist ‘skin’ that reaches every cell so oxygen can now diffuse into the cells.  Some insects can ‘pump’ their body to assist in the gas exchange – like a very simple form of breathing.  Insects blood is clear because it doesn’t carry gases  This type of gas exchange system has kept insects small. TRACHEA SYSTEM

10.  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CVP_PY0ZsOI http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CVP_PY0ZsOI  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fL0JwCD4mKI http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fL0JwCD4mKI HANDY INFORMATION TO READ

11.  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aPF00PzUGzc http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aPF00PzUGzc TO WATCH

12.  Gills – external to the body, constantly bathed in water GAS EXCHANGE IN FISH

13.  Gills – external to the body, constantly bathed in water  Made of thin filaments supported by bony structures – each filament is composed of delicate plates containing many capillaries so look dark red. GAS EXCHANGE IN FISH

14.  Gills – external to the body, constantly bathed in water  Made of thin filaments supported by bony structures – each filament is composed of delicate plates containing many capillaries so look dark red.  In bony fish, the gills are protected by a covering called the operculum GAS EXCHANGE IN FISH

15.  Gills – external to the body, constantly bathed in water  Made of thin filaments supported by bony structures – each filament is composed of delicate plates containing many capillaries so look dark red.  In bony fish, the gills are protected by a covering called the operculum  In cartilaginous fish (sharks) – gills are open to the water as slits down the side of the body. GAS EXCHANGE IN FISH

16.  Gills – external to the body, constantly bathed in water  Made of thin filaments supported by bony structures – each filament is composed of delicate plates containing many capillaries so look dark red.  In bony fish, the gills are protected by a covering called the operculum  In cartilaginous fish (sharks) – gills are open to the water as slits down the side of the body.  Fish continuously pump water through the mouth and over the gills to exit at the back of the operculum. GAS EXCHANGE IN FISH

17.  Gills – external to the body, constantly bathed in water  Made of thin filaments supported by bony structures – each filament is composed of delicate plates containing many capillaries so look dark red.  In bony fish, the gills are protected by a covering called the operculum  In cartilaginous fish (sharks) – gills are open to the water as slits down the side of the body.  Fish continuously pump water through the mouth and over the gills to exit at the back of the operculum.  Sharks have to keep in constant motion to maintain a flow of water GAS EXCHANGE IN FISH

18.  This process is called ventilation – any method that increases the flow of the respiratory medium (either water or air) over the respiratory membranes. GAS EXCHANGE IN FISH

19.  This process is called ventilation – any method that increases the flow of the respiratory medium (either water or air) over the respiratory membranes.  The capillaries in the gills are set up so gas can be diffuses easier – the blood flow is opposite to the water flow. GAS EXCHANGE IN FISH

20.  This process is called ventilation – any method that increases the flow of the respiratory medium (either water or air) over the respiratory membranes.  The capillaries in the gills are set up so gas can be diffuses easier – the blood flow is opposite to the water flow.  This means that the blood coming into the capillary meets new water full of oxygen – this is counter-current exchange. GAS EXCHANGE IN FISH

21.  This process is called ventilation – any method that increases the flow of the respiratory medium (either water or air) over the respiratory membranes.  The capillaries in the gills are set up so gas can be diffuses easier – the blood flow is opposite to the water flow.  This means that the blood coming into the capillary meets new water full of oxygen – this is counter-current exchange.  It makes the oxygen take-up so efficient, a fish can get 80% of the oxygen out of the water. GAS EXCHANGE IN FISH