1. Bell Ringer
Which explorer contributed to the establishment of Portuguese colonies in Africa and India?
A. Hernando Cortez
B. Ferdinad Magellan
C. Vasco da Gama
D. Francis Drake
*** Grab a sheet of paper and label 1-5

2. The novel emerged as a distinct form of literature in Europe during the –
A. Age of Absolutism
B. Reformation
C. Industrial Revolution
D. Enlightenment

4. “Revolutionary government owes to all good citizens the fullest protection the state can afford; to enemies of the people it owes nothing but death”
- Maximilien Robespierre 12/25/ 1793
What was the immediate result of this philosophy?
A. an increase in taxes
B. a period of restored peace
C. an expansion of the justice system
D. a time of mass executions

5. Industrialization helped lead to the European colonization of Africa by –
A. promoting the development of tourist markets
B. causing domestic governments to collapse
C. increasing competition for overseas markets
D. bringing the major powers into armed conflict

6. During the 19th Century, which change led to an increase in the use of child labor?
A. the creation of a public welfare system
B. the development of the factory system
C. the expansion of large cities
D. the rise of wages for skilled workers

7. Agenda/Objectives

8. British Imperialism in India
As the Mughal Empire declined, Britain seizes Indian territory and soon it controls almost the whole subcontinent.

9. British Expand Control over India
East India Company Dominates
•British East India Company rules India until 1850s
•Company has its own army led by British officers
•Army is staffed by sepoys—Indian soldiers

10. British Expand Control over India
Britain’s “Jewel in the Crown”
•India is Britain’s most valuable colony, or “jewel in the crown”
•Forced to produce raw materials for British manufacturing
•Also forced to buy British goods

11. British Expand Control over India
British Transport Trade Goods
•Railroads move cash crops and goods faster
•Trade in specific crops is tied to international events
Impact of Colonialism
•British hold much of political and economic power
•Cash crops result in loss of self-sufficiency, famine
•Indian life disrupted by missionaries and racist attitudes
•British modernize India’s economy, improve public health

13. The Sepoy Mutiny Indians Rebel
•Sepoys refuse to use cartridges of new rifles for religious reasons
•Many Sepoys are jailed; others start Sepoy Mutiny against British
•Many Indians, especially Sikhs, remain loyal to British

14. The Sepoy Mutiny Turning Point
•British put down rebellion, take direct command of India
•Raj—term for British rule over India, lasts from 1757 to 1947
•Uprising increases distrust between British and Indians

15. Nationalism Surfaces in India
Call for Reforms
•In 1800s, Ram Mohun Roy leads modernization movement
•Many Indians adopt western ways and call for social reforms
•Indians resent being second-class citizens in own country
Nationalist Groups Form
•Indian National Congress and Muslim League form
•Nationalists angered by partition of Bengal
-pressure forces Britain to divide it differently