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Database Systems, 2008-2009 Presented by Rubi Boim (based on Jackie Assa’s Slides) 1
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Bureaucracy… Database architecture overview Buzzwords SSH Tunneling Intro to Oracle Comments on homework 2
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Please join the forum at: https://forums.cs.tau.ac.il/ https://forums.cs.tau.ac.il/ 3
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Submission date is Dec 2. (No late arrivals will be accepted) Work should be done in pairs Please, please, please, names and ID on the submittals. 4
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Hard work, but real. Work in groups of 4 Project goal: to tackle and resolve real-life DB related development issues One Two stages. Please use JAVA (SWT). (Check with me for other programming languages) Thinking out of the box will be rewarded 5
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Bureaucracy… Database architecture overview Buzzwords SSH Tunneling Intro to Oracle Comments on homework 6
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Data files Database server (someone else’s C program) Applications connection (ODBC, JDBC) “Two tier database system” 7
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Application DB infrastructure DB driver DB engine Storage Transport 10
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DB programmer App programmer DBA Gui designer Tester 11
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Why should it actually use database? Persistence layer Access data storage Interfacing between systems Large volumes Scalability Redundancy Application DB infrastructure DB driver DB engine Storage Transport 12
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Goals: Database “hiding” Schema abstraction Encapsulation of db mechanisms How: (In two words) Application DB infrastructure DB driver DB engine Storage Transport 13
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Application DB infrastructure DB driver DB engine Storage Transport Used for: API for database connectivity Protocol converter Performance improvements Transaction management Examples: In a minute… 14
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Mainly TCP but not only Secure Efficient Fast but not fast enough Application DB infrastructure DB driver DB engine Storage Transport 15
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Total management of the DB environment including Security Scalability (clustering) Maintenance Fault tolerant (disaster management) Monitoring Services Large DB engines include Microsoft SQL Server, Oracle, SyBase, MySQL, etc. Application DB infrastructure DB driver DB engine Storage Transport 16
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DB engine management includes: Databases/Tables/Fields Creation/removal/modification/ optimization Connections/Users/Roles Security/monitoring/logging Jobs/Processes/Threads Scheduling/balancing/managing Application DB infrastructure DB driver DB engine Storage Transport 17
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NAS/SAN, Raid and other stuff… (sorry… not in this course) Application DB infrastructure DB driver DB engine Storage Transport 18
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Bureaucracy… Database architecture overview Buzzwords SSH Tunneling Intro to Oracle Comments on homework 19
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ODBC ADO OLE-DB MDAC/UDA JDBC ORM 20
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Various standards have been developed for accessing database servers. Some of the important standards are ODBC (Open Database Connectivity) is the early standard for relational databases. OLE DB is Microsoft’s object-oriented interface for relational and other databases. ADO (Active Data Objects) is Microsoft’s standard providing easier access to OLE DB data for the non-object-oriented programmer. 21
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Open Database Connectivity (ODBC) is a standard software API method for using database management systems (DBMS) Maximum interoperability 22
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Examples of common tasks: Selecting a data source and connecting to it. Submitting an SQL statement for execution. Retrieving results (if any). Processing errors. Committing or rolling back the transaction enclosing the SQL statement. Disconnecting from the data source. 23
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UDA (Universal Data Access) and/or MDAC (Microsoft Data Access Components) include (ADO), OLE DB, and (ODBC). 24
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Java DB connectivity API Similar to ODBC Why do you need it: Pure Java Simple API Well….Multi-platform 25
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API includes: DriverManager, Connection, Statement, PreparedStatement, CallableStatement, ResultSet, SQLException, DataSource JDBC Type Driver: Type 1 - (JDBC-ODBC Bridge) drivers. Type 2 - native API for data access which provide Java wrapper classes Type 3 - 100% Java, makes use of a middle-tier between the calling program and the database.. Type 4 - They are also written in 100% Java and are the most efficient among all driver types. Calls directly into the vendor-specific database protocol. 26
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Object-Relational mapping is a programming technique for converting data between incompatible type systems in relational databases and object-oriented programming languages. For example: Hibernate, EJB3.0, JDO 28
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Bureaucracy… Database architecture overview Buzzwords SSH Tunneling Intro to Oracle Comments on homework 29
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Application DB infrastructure DB bridge/driver Transport (TCP) DB engine Server Machine Client Machine Standard wayUsing Tunnel Application DB infrastructure DB bridge/driver DB engine Server Machine Client Machine Tunnel machine (SSH server) proxy Proxy Machine TCP SSH TCP 31
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Application DB infrastructure Db bridge/driver DB engine Tunnel machine (SSH server) proxy YOUR MACHINE define DB at localhost, port 1555 Nova.cs.tau.ac.il orasrv port 1521 Putty connects to nova and forward local port 1555 to orasrv port 1521 32
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Bureaucracy… Database architecture overview Buzzwords SSH Tunneling Intro to Oracle Comments on homework 34
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Oracle database – (at home express edition) SQLDeveloper Free to download on oracle.com More tutorials on the course slides page 35
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Host:localhost/orasrv Port:1521 SID:xe/csodb/other? Schemahr/user/system Use the connection guide (link on the course slides page) for instruction on how to create a DB user: TAU HR user / password: hr_readonly / hrro 36
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Invoking (TAU): Sqlplus http://www.cs.tau.ac.il/~boim/courses/databases2009/slides/moreinfo/03-connection-guide.htm 37
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Invoking (TAU): sqldeveloper 49
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Installation only at home… 70
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Installation Create a user Run a script Query Other database objects Administration tasks Similar tutorial can be found in http://st-curriculum.oracle.com/tutorial/DBXETutorial/index.htm 71
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Bureaucracy… Database architecture overview Buzzwords SSH Tunneling Intro to Oracle Comments on homework 72
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SQL functions and arithmetic conditions. Usage of quotes (‘ and “) LIKE, LOWER Use the Syntax help in Query browser MAX, MIN IN 73
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