1. Match the words to their definition Third line of defense Type of phagocyte which work alongside T- lymphocytes Antibodysimulate the production of antibodies LeucocytesFights local infections Autoimmune DiseaseRecognises and destroys infected cells Killer T cellsImmune system attacks his/her own body Helper T cellsreceptor proteins that attach to pathogens Memory B cellsReady to attack a pathogen which infected previously First line of defenseImmune System Second line of defenseWhite blood cells MacrophagesSkin and Mucous membranes Challenge Biomedical Science – Immunology

2. Complete the task to earn 5 counters each. Down 1.A cell released by immune system to fight infection (8 letters) 4. When a disease spreads rapidly throughout the world. (8 letters) 7. Where white blood cells are made in the body. (2 words, 4 letters and 6 letters) 8. Another name for white blood cells. (10 letters) 9. The process were white blood cells eat infected cells. (12 letters) Across 1.Proteins on the surface of a bug that the body recognises as foreign. (8 letters) 2.Discovered by Alexander Fleming (10 letters) 3.A disease given in a mild dose to make you immune to that disease. (Mostly received in childhood) (7 letters) 5.Helps defend the body against disease, cells in the blood (3 words, 5 – 5 – 5 letters) 6.A common virus with many different strains (4 letters)

3. Challenge Biomedical Science – Immunology 1 2 4 5 6 7 8 9 Crossword 3

4. Challenge Biomedical Science – Immunology Athletes Foot Circle the diseases that are contagious Sinusitis Lung Cancer Heart disease Chicken Pox Cold Sores Virus HIV Arthritis Measles Conjunctivitis Asthma Flu Broken Leg Pneumonia Cystic Fibrosis Down Syndrome Glandular Fever

5. Challenge Biomedical Science – Immunology Task 5: Match the definitions to the words. (Cut them out and match) Natural acquired active immunity: Artificial acquired active immunity: Natural acquired passive immunity: Artificial acquired passive immunity: Innate immunity: Weakened germs given so the body can create resistance to a certain disease. (e.g. Measles, Mumps and Rubella vaccine) When you become immune by actually having the infection and the body is able to recognise the same infection and kill it without you experiencing any symptoms. (e.g. chicken pox) When antibodies are passed from mother to baby during pregnancy. (Not an everlasting immunity) Not a specific immunity, such as the skin, tears, stomach acid. Short-term immunization by and injection of antibodies into the system, which will not give lasting immunity (e.g. Tetanus)

6. Challenge Biomedical Science – Immunology True or False?  To avoid the cold you shouldn’t wear tight clothes or tight shoes.  Coughing and sneezing was banned in public during the Plague.  Staying out in the cold without a coat causes pneumonia.  A white moth in the house meant death long ago.  An onion cut in half and placed under the bed of a sick person will draw off fever and poisons.  Maggots can be used to clean out wounds. The maggots only eat dead or infected tissues.  Surgeons stole bodies from fresh graves in order to practice their surgery.  If you go outside with wet hair you’ll catch a cold.

7. Challenge Biomedical Science – Immunology True or False? Circle your answer  Viruses cause many common illnesses. T/F  Drugs such as antibiotics easily kill viruses. T/F  Once you have contracted a specific virus, you will not get sick from that virus again because of the antibodies produced in your body. T/F  Many diseases caused by viruses can be avoided through being vaccinated. T/F  Viruses are very fragile and cannot live on surfaces outside the human body. T/F  Viral illnesses cannot be transferred from animals to people. T/F  The only way to transmit viruses is through close physical contact with an infected person. T/F  Viruses can become resistant to drugs used to treat them. T/F

8. Challenge Biomedical Science – Immunology Bacteria can get through the barriers and enter the body through cuts & scratches or in the food we eat and the air we breathe. Bacteria reproduce quickly, threaten cells and can block vital organs. If the bacterial invasion can't be stopped, more phagocytes from other parts of the body travel in the blood vessels to help. B cells multiply into billions of cells, which bind to the invader and destroy it. T Cells identify and destroy any human cells which may have died or changed or those which it recognises as non-human. Some B & T cells produced live on after the first attack and help the body fight against a second attack should it occur. You are therefore immune to these bacteria Complete the flow chart about how the body fights infection

9. Skin is waterproof and airtight; it excretes oil, which contains chemicals. Tears wash away micro organisms, hairs in the nose filter air and coughing and sneezing expel micro organisms. Stomach digestive juices can kill some organisms that enter through the mouth. Phagocytes are a group of white blood cells found in bone marrow that can move and ingest invaders until they themselves burst and die. B cells are one kind of lymphocyte, (white blood cells) covered with chemical feelers called antibodies, which seek out and investigate invaders. Challenge Biomedical Science – Immunology