1. Imperialism
in Southeast Asia
& the Pacific

2. Uncle Sam: One of the “Boys?”

3. European’s Colonize Southeast Asia
Motives for imperialism in Southeast Asia:
Raw Materials
New Markets
Christian Converts

5. The Dutch East Indies Dutch East India Company est. 1600s
Coffee, Indigo, Spices

6. The British in Burma & Malaya
Port of Singapore becomes
important place middle-ground
between trade with Asia & the
British Empire

7. French Indochina At first in the region to win Christian converts
Missionaries win some
converts
Vietnamese try to expel the
Christians

8. The Union of French Indochina
French are alarmed at British attempts to monopolize trade in SE Asia
France invades Vietnam in 1858-Siezing a portion of Southern Vietnam
1880s, France extends its control over Cambodia, the rest of Vietnam (Annam & Tonkin) and Laos

9. Thailand the Exception
The Kingdom of Siam survives
Rulers did not underestimate European powers

10. King Mongkut King Chulalongkorn Able to prevent colonization by
maintaining relationships with
Europeans

11. Indirect Rule
Local rulers were allowed to maintain the authority although they differed final authority to colonial powers
Advantages
Easier to access natural resources
Kept cost of government down
Maintained local culture
Example: Dutch East Indies

12. Direct Rule
Local leaders are replaced by officials from the occupying country
Used when local elites resisted
Examples: Great Britain & France

13. Resistance to Imperialism
Europeans exploit SE Asians
Low wages, horrible working conditions
High taxes
Resistance came from:
Ruling class
Peasants
Western educated Nationalists

14. The United States
Becomes an
Imperial Power

15. Spanish Misrule in Cuba

16. Remember the Maine and to Hell with Spain!
Funeral for Maine victims in Havana

17. The Spanish-American War (1898):
Over Cuba’s attempts to win independence from Spain

18. The
Philippines

19. Spain in the Philippines
Catholic missionaries
from Spain seized the
Philippines in the 1500s
Filipinos resist
Spanish Catholic rule
-viewed church as corrupt

20. The Spanish-American War (1898): U. S
The Spanish-American War (1898): U.S. defeat Spanish fleet at Manila Bay

21. Commodore Dewey Captures Manila!

22. Filipino rebel leaders declare independence from Spain & help the US fight the Spanish
In return they expect the Americans to recognize their independence
The US give $20 million to Spain for control of the Philippines
Debate raged within the US over imperialist expansion

23. Filipino Nationalists Renew their Fight
Emilio Aguinaldo
Efforts were
eventually
crushed
Leader of the Filipino Uprising.
July 4, 1946: Philippine independence

24. Our “Sphere of Influence”

25. The Treaty of Paris: 1898 Cuba was freed from Spanish rule.
Spain gave up Puerto Rico and the island of Guam.
The U. S. paid Spain $20 mil. for the Philippines.
The U. S. becomes an imperial power!

26. The American Anti-Imperialist League
Founded in 1899.
Mark Twain, Andrew Carnegie, William James, and William Jennings Bryan among the leaders.
Campaigned against the annexation of the Philippines and other acts of imperialism.

27. Social Darwinist Thinking
The White Man’s Burden
The Hierarchy of Race

28. Religious/Missionary Interests American Missionaries in China, 1905

29. Hawaii:
"Crossroads
of the
Pacific"

30. U. S. Missionaries in Hawaii
Imiola Church – first built in the late 1820s

31. U. S. View of Hawaiians
Hawaii becomes a U. S. Protectorate in by virtue of economic treaties.

32. Hawaiian Queen Liliuokalani Hawaii for the Hawaiians!

33. U. S. Business Interests In Hawaii
1893 – American businessmen backed an uprising against Queen Liliuokalani.
Sanford Ballard Dole proclaims the Republic of Hawaii in 1894.

34. Hawaiian Annexation Ceremony, 1898

35. Speak Softly, But Carry a Big Stick!

36. Constable of the World

37. America as a Pacific Power

38. What is America's
New Role ?