2. EXTERIORS FOR WOOD LIGHT FRAME CONSTRUCTION
CHAPTER 6
EXTERIORS FOR WOOD LIGHT FRAME CONSTRUCTION

3. Sequence of Above Ground Structure
Structural Framing & Sheathing
Eaves & Rakes
Roofing Finish; Edge, Felt, Shingles
Exterior Openings & Siding
then
Interior Finishes

4. ROOF TERMINOLOGY
Ridge
Eave
Rake

7. RAKE EDGE DETAILS - WITHOUT OVERHANG
METAL DRIP EDGE
RAKE BOARD
SIDING

8. Rake Details with Overhang
LOOKOUTS
RAFTER

9. Eaves Details EAVE DETAILS SOFFIT WOOD METAL DRIP EDGE FASCIA METAL
Horizontal Roof Edges
PROVIDE AN “OVERHANG”
KEEP WATER OFF SIDING
REALIZE THE VOLUME OF WATER
ALSO CAN PROVIDE “SHADE”
Rakes
Sloping Roof Edges
AUTHOR SHOWS FLUSH W/ SIDING
OFTEN AN OVERHANG TO PREVENT STAINING
OVERHANG SUPPORTED BY “LOOKOUTS”
Edge Details
INSTALLED PRIOR TO ROOFING
Fascia & Rack Boards
Eaves
Rake Rakes
Metal Drip Edges
TO KEEP WATER OFF TRIM & SIDING
SOFFIT
WOOD
METAL
PLASTIC
FASCIA
GUTTER

10. ROOF DRAINAGE
Purpose
Remove water from the building without wetting the walls or splashing water at the bottom to cause erosion & discolor bottom of wall.
Drainage “System”
Gutters
Downspouts
Splash blocks
Underground Piping
Purpose???
REMOVE WATER W/O WETTING WALLS OR SPLASHING/EROSION AT THE GROUND
CONCERN AT THE RAKES OR THE EAVES???
DRAINAGE “SYSTEM”
FOLLOWING OFTEN USED TOGETHER
Gutters
COLLECT WATER RUN OFF
ATTACHED AT FACE OF FASCIA
MATERIAL - ALUM. OR PLASTIC (NOT WOOD)
SLOPED TOWARD DOWNSPOUTS
Downspouts
METAL OR PLASTIC “TUBE”
DEPOSITS H2O AT SPLASHBLOCK OR PIPE
Splash blocks
PLACED UNDER DOWNSPOUT - DIVERT H2O
CONCRETE, PLASTIC
Underground Piping
UNDERGROUND DRY WELL OR OFTEN
DEPOSIST AWAY FROM STRUCTURE

11. Gutter
Downspout
Materials - Typically
Metal - alum., copper
Plastic

12. Downspout connected to Underground Piping (Splash block also common)

13. ROOF VENTILATION Purpose Ventilate hot air from attic space
Extend the Life of the Roofing Material
Reduce Air Conditioning Costs
Components
Eave Ventilation
Ridge Ventilation
WHAT IS THE PURPOSE???
PREVENT ICE BUILD UP IN WINTER AND
COOL ROOF IN SUMMER
ALSO REQUIRED BY CODES
HOW DO YOU ACCOMPLISH IT???
Eave Ventilation
SCREENED VENTILATION STRIP OR
PERFORATED SOFFIT
Gable Vents
VENTS AT THE GABLED ENDS OF THE ROOF STRUCTURE (UNDER THE RAKES)
Ridge Vents
CONTINUOUS METAL OR PLASTIC VENTS

14. ROOF VENTILATION Air Circulation TO RIDGE OR GABLE VENT SOFFIT VENT
STRIP OR PERFORATED SOFFIT

15. Plastic Soffit - Perforated

16. Ridge Vent

17. ROOF SHEATHING “HELD BACK” TO ALLOW THE RIDGE TO BE VENTED

18. RIDGE VENT

19. GABLE VENT

20. ROOFING MATERIALS FOR SLOPING ROOFS Asphalt Shingles
Wood ; shingles, split shakes
Tile
Slate
Sheet Metal
FOR FLAT OR LOW SLOPING ROOFS
Built-up asphalt & felts
Single Ply Modified
WHAT KIND OF MATERIALS ARE USED FOR ROOFING?
Asphalt Shingles
MOST COMMON - WHY???
USUALLY THE MOST ECONOMICAL
DIFFERENT COLORS & STYLES
LAST 15 – 20+ YEARS DEPENDING ON “WEIGHT”
APPLIED W/ “ROOFING” NAILS
Wood (Shakes)
DECAY RESISTANT WOOD
CEDAR MOST COMMON
Tile
CLAY & CONCRETE
LAST A LONG TIME - EXPENSIVE
Sheet Metal
OFTEN COATED
Built-up
ASPHALT FELTS ROLLED OUT IN ASPHALT
NOT REAL COMMON BECAUSE MOST RESIDENTIAL ROOFS ARE SLOPED
Single Ply
SINGLE SHEET OF ELASTIC “MEMBRANE”

21. ASPHALT SHINGLES - (ARCHITECTURAL)

22. ASPHALT FELT

23. Asphalt Shingles - Packaged
Roofing Felt
Laid from the Eave up

24. Metal Shingles

25. METAL ROOFING

26. METAL ROOFING

27. TILE ROOFING

29. EXTRUDED CONCRETE ROOF TILES

30. SPLIT CEDAR SHAKES

31. SLATE ROOFING & COPPER FLASHING

32. SLATE WITH PREDRILLED HOLES

33. SINGLE MEMBRANE “MODIFIED” ROOF

34. “BUILT-UP” ASPHALT ROOF

35. OPENINGS IN EXTERIOR WALLS
Windows and Doors
Weather Stripping
Flashing to expel water
Production
FACTORY - MANUFACTURED
LOWER COST & HIGHER QUALITY
MAY TAKE LONG LEAD TIME - EVEN STANDARD SIZES
Thermal Transmission
AROUND WINDOW FRAME (INSULATE/CAULK)
INTERIOR GASKETS ON OPERABLE
THROUGH GLAZING
CONSIDERABLY MORE THAN “SIDING”
Codes
MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS ESTABLISHED

36. WINDOWS & DOOR – ROUGH OPENINGS

38. Sheathing Siding Interior Wall Board Header Header Flashing Door Frame
Rough
Opening

39. Rough Opening

40. HOUSE WRAP
Installed Over Sheathing
Inhibits Air Infiltration

41. Siding Siding Materials Wood Board Siding Plywood Sidings
Shingle Sidings
Metal & Plastic (Vinyl) Sidings
Steel
Stucco (& EIFS)
Masonry
Board Sidings
HORIZONTALLY OR VERTIACCLY APPLIED TO STUDS
CAN BE APPLIED OVER INSULATION BOARD
FASTENERS - GALVANIZED, ALUMINUM, SS
Plywood Sidings
FASTER TO INSTALL
OFTEN GROVED AND/OR TECTURED
Z-FLASHING AT JOINTS
Shingle Sidings
REQUIRE A NAIL-BASE SHEATHING (& FELT)
OFTEN CEDAR OR REDWOOD
Metal & Plastic (Vinyl) Sidings
IMITATE WOOD
DON’T DECAY, SELDOM NEED REPAINTING
DENT OR SHATTER, MELT, EXPANSION
Stucco (& EIFS)
STUCCO SELDOM USED – Generally EIFS
Masonry

42. WOOD OR CEMENT BOARD SIDING

43. VINYL SHINGLE SIDING

44. Vinyl Siding

45. Rough Sawn Pine

46. EXTERIOR INSULATION & FINISH SYSTEM insulation board being attached to
gypsum board sheathing

47. Exterior Insulation & Finish System
Cementitious base coat being applied

48. EIFS Finish Coat Applied

49. BRICK VENEER

50. STONE VENEER

51. Paints & Coatings
Paints
Stains
Varnishes
Sealers

52. Coating Materials - Groups
Water Based
Commonly referred to as - Latex
Cleanup w/ soap & water
Solvent Based
Commonly referred to as Oil based
Cleanup w/ mineral spirits, turpentine

53. TYPES OF COATING MATERIALS
Paints (Provide a solid surface coating)
Flat, Semi-Gloss, & Gloss
Latex & Enamel
Stains (change color or color & coat))
Transparent to semi-transparent & solids
Transparent - high vehicle and dye
Semi-transparent; more pigment
Clear Coatings (Protective transparent coating)
Varnish, lacquers (use indoors)
Sealers ; transparent and opaque