1. Was the defeat of Hannibal a turning point in Roman history?

2. Before we start…. What things do you think you need to know before you can answer this question? Write down a list of possible questions you might need to ask.

3. What is a turning point? Task In your groups come up with what you think a “turning point” is. Write your own explanation.

4. “A turning point is a moment when an important change happens……a turning point can create more change or can stop change from happening.” Now look at you definition….. How similar was your definition to the one above? Copy down this definition.

5. Who was Hannibal? North Africa North Africa Carthaginian Carthaginian General General Promised to fight the Romans at the age of 9 Promised to fight the Romans at the age of 9 Punic language Punic language

7. When did Hannibal and the Romans fight? Three Punic Wars Three Punic Wars 1. 264BC-241BC (no Hannibal here) 2. 218BC-201BC (Hannibal) 3. 149BC-146BC (no Hannibal)

8. Timeline of events Put these dates in to chronological order…. 202BC – Battle of Zama, north Africa, where Hannibal was finally defeated by the Romans 202BC – Battle of Zama, north Africa, where Hannibal was finally defeated by the Romans 211BC – Hannibal tries to take Rome, but later gives up 211BC – Hannibal tries to take Rome, but later gives up 208BC – Hannibal’s second brother (Hasdrubal) leaves Carthage to help Hannibal in Spain 208BC – Hannibal’s second brother (Hasdrubal) leaves Carthage to help Hannibal in Spain 204BC – Scipio (the younger) and his army sail 400 ships across to Carthage 204BC – Scipio (the younger) and his army sail 400 ships across to Carthage 216BC – Battle of Cannae, here Hannibal defeats the Roman Army 216BC – Battle of Cannae, here Hannibal defeats the Roman Army 207BC – Battle of Metarus, this is where Hannibal’s brother is defeated by Scipio (the younger). Hannibal’s brother kills himself after he is defeated. 207BC – Battle of Metarus, this is where Hannibal’s brother is defeated by Scipio (the younger). Hannibal’s brother kills himself after he is defeated. 206BC – Scipio (the younger) has gained control of Spain 206BC – Scipio (the younger) has gained control of Spain 201BC – Carthage asks the Romans for peace 201BC – Carthage asks the Romans for peace

9. What was different after the defeat of Hannibal? Before the Second Punic War…… After the Second Punic War……

10. Was the defeat of Hannibal a turning point in Roman history? What things in the question do you need to explain? What things in the question do you need to explain? Underline the key words in this question Underline the key words in this question

11. Introduction What do you think an introduction is for? What do you think an introduction is for? Look at the things in the question that you think need explaining Look at the things in the question that you think need explaining What is a turning point? What is a turning point? Who is Hannibal? Who is Hannibal? Why did he and the Romans fight? Why did he and the Romans fight?

12. Main Body This is the biggest part of your essay and will look at all the things you need to This is the biggest part of your essay and will look at all the things you need to What do you need to know before you can answer the question? What do you need to know before you can answer the question? Think about: Think about: 1. Hannibal’s invasion (why and how he attacked Rome. 2. How successful was Hannibal fighting Rome? (what happened over the 16 years he was there?) 3. How did the Romans defeat Hannibal? 4. What changed after the defeat of Hannibal?

13. Conclusion This is where you make your judgement…. This is where you make your judgement…. This means you give your answer to the question This means you give your answer to the question In order to do this you need to ASSESS the changes that happened after the Romans defeated Hannibal In order to do this you need to ASSESS the changes that happened after the Romans defeated Hannibal Is the amount of change important (big) enough for the defeat of Hannibal to be considered a turning point? Is the amount of change important (big) enough for the defeat of Hannibal to be considered a turning point?