1. Discussion Question
Napoleon Bonaparte became France’s leader after the revolution. He was a brilliant military commander known for his great leadership ability. He took a personal interest in his soldiers’ lives and made sure they were well paid and well-supplied.
Why do you think Napoleon showed interest in even his youngest soldiers?

2. Napoleon Forges an Empire
A military genius, Napoleon Bonaparte, seized power in France and made himself emperor.

3. NAPOLEON’s Early Life
Napoleon was born in 1769 in Corsica, and island in the Mediterranean. His father came from minor nobility in Italy but the family was not rich.
When he finished school Napoleon became a lieutenant in the French army. His peers initially saw him as an outsider due to his Italian accent, making him unpopular with his fellow officers.

4. NAPOLEON GRASPS THE POWER
Terror of Revolution Ends with Robspierre’s execution
- Napoleon was appointed head of French army in Italy in 1796: His energy & initiative earned him the devotion of his troops.
1799 Napoleon lead a Champaign against the British in Egypt.
- Britain's superior Navy defeated the French Navy in
the Mediterranean and Napoleon fled his army to
return to Paris
Coup d’Etat- a sudden overthrow of the government
- Nov. 9, 1799— Napoleon seizes political power
- One of Napoleon’s first moves was to establish peace with the Catholic Church

5. NAPOLEON RULES FRANCE Napoleon Crowned as Emperor
Dec 2, 1804-crowned Emperor
Restoring Order at Home
1. Stable economy and equality in taxation
2. Established a national bank
3. Established government-run public schools
4. Promoted religious toleration
5. Napoleonic Civil Code—set of laws
a. Restricted many freedoms won by the revolution
b. Speech, press, slavery
Three Estates – 97% 3rd Estate upset about having to pay all the taxes

6. NAPOLEON CREATES AN EMPIRE
A. Conquering Europe
a. Napoleon wins new
territory for France
b. Italy, Austria
B. New World Territories
a. Louisiana Purchase
i.1803-Jefferson
and Napoleon
agree on $15 million

7. The Battle of Trafalgar
Great Britain was Napoleon's
greatest enemy
The Battle of Trafalgar
- French defeated by
Admiral Nelson
- 2 major outcomes
1. Secured British naval supremacy for next 100 years
2. Forced Napoleon to give up plans of invading Britain

8. Napoleon’s Empire By 1812, Napoleon controlled most of Europe
People resented him
Hated paying taxes, sending soldiers
Growing nationalism- The unique cultural identity of a people based on common language, religion, and national symbols.
Conquered ethnic groups wanted their own nations

9. NAPOLEON’S COSTLY MISTAKES
Napoleon established a Continental System that he hoped would defeat Britain. It was designed to stop British goods from reaching the European continent to be sold there.
Russia refused to remain in the Continental System. Napoleon felt he had to invade.
600,000 men entered Russia
Russia adopted a “scorched-earth policy” & burned everything as they retreated eastward

10. Invasion of Russia Sept 14, Napoleon takes Moscow
a. Russians burned it down
Winter sets in…Napoleon retreated
-cold, raiders, and starvation killed most
of his remaining army
- About 400,000 died

11. NAPOLEON’S DOWNFALL
-Austrians, Russians, and Prussians took over Paris
-Napoleon forced to surrender, banished to Elba in 1814

12. NAPOLEON’S DOWNFALL -Attempts to retake control in 1815
- Ruled for “hundred days”
- At Waterloo in Belgium Napoleon is defeated by joint British & Persian army lead by the Duke of Wellington
- Napoleon is exiled to St. Helena, a small island in the south Atlantic. He remained in exile until his death in 1821.

13. After Napoleon Peace conference- Congress of Vienna
- Redrew map of Europe
- Took back territory
from France
- Re-established
monarchs
- Created alliances to
defend against
nationalistic ideas
- Principle of Intervention- idea that great powers have the right to send armies into countries where there are revolutions to restore legitimate governments.

15. REMINDERS UNIT 8 TEST IS NEXT WEEK!
Juniors- I will not see you before test day
Get vocab and review guide in Unit 8 Packet DONE
Deadline for any missing/late work
Extra credit opportunities on website!

16. Concentration Game: The Fall of Napoleon and the European Reaction
You will work in small groups to create a concentration game using facts from the text and your notes today.
You need to create 8 pairs.
Place of Napoleon’s final defeat
Waterloo

17. How were each of these islands important to Napoleon’s life?
Corsica
Great Britain
Elba
St. Helena