1. Ergonomics in an Industrial Setting Andrew Drewczynski Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety www.ccohs.ca

2. What is Ergonomics? Ergonomics is the discipline that matches the job to the worker and product to the user.

3. Ergonomics vs Human Factors In the occupational field, Ergonomics and Human Factors are terms used interchangeably. Both describe the interaction between the operator and the job demands, and aim to minimize hazards in the workplace. However, Ergonomics focuses on how work affects workers, while Human Factors emphasizes designs that reduce the potential for human error.

4. Why Ergonomics? Legislation BC, Saskatchewan US OSHA (2000) Australia (89), European Community (93), California (97), Sweden (98) Ontario ? – General duty clause  25. 2(h) take every precaution reasonable in the circumstances for the protection of a worker; Canada (Feds) ????

5. WMSD History (US data)

6. WMSD as % of all Work- Related Injuries (Canadian data)

7. Musculoskeletal Injuries D Work-related MusculoSkeletal Disorders - WMSD Repetitive Strain Injuries - RSI Repetitive Motion Injuries - RMI Cumulative Trauma Disorders - CTD Occupational Overuse Syndrome - OOS WRULD Low Back Pain

8. Ergonomic Hazards Ergonomic Hazards are workplace conditions that pose the risk of injury to the musculoskeletal system of the worker.

9. Ergonomic Hazards Awkward working postures Forceful movements Repetitive movements Pace of work Temperature extremes Vibration

10. Awkward Postures

13. Awkward Postures - Improvements

14. Awkward postures - Improvements

15. Airport “A” - Workstation

16. Airport “A” - Sitting

17. Airport “A” – Checking - in

18. Airport “B” - Workstation

19. Airport “B” – Checking in

20. Airport “C” - Workstation

21. Airport “C” – Checking-in