1. Office Ergonomics- A guide to prevent Musculo-skeletal Injuries Dr Prabhat Lakkireddi M.S.Ortho, MRCS (UK), FRCS Orthopaedics (UK) Consultant- Revision Joint Replacement & Sports Injuries Surgeon Apollo Hospitals, Jubilee Hills Queries- Mob: 800 845 2222, prabhat.lakki@gmail.com1

2.  “The science of fitting the job to the worker”  Ergo: Work  Nomics: Study of Ergonomics Queries- Mob: 800 845 2222, prabhat.lakki@gmail.com2

3. What are the benefits of ergonomics? Reduction of work-related injuries Increased worker productivity Increased work quality Reduced absenteeism Increased morale Ergonomics provides a win-win situation…..on and off the job YOU JUST FEEL BETTER! Queries- Mob: 800 845 2222, prabhat.lakki@gmail.com3

4. Who ’ s At Risk?  Nearly everyone, but women report more incidents of discomfort  Low motivation  Poor workstation design  Pregnant  Obese  Lack general physical capabilities, such as strength  People who feel as if they lack control over work pace, environment, and communication Queries- Mob: 800 845 2222, prabhat.lakki@gmail.com 4

5.  Working in awkward postures / positions  Prolonged sitting and standing  Bending, reaching, stretching  Driving for extended periods of time  Heavy lifting  Awkward lifting  Lifting in combination with twisting  Pushing, pulling, carrying  Accidents, slips, trips, falls  Vibration Job Risk Factors Queries- Mob: 800 845 2222, prabhat.lakki@gmail.com5

6. RESULTING INJURIES ARE CALLED:  Cumulative Trauma Disorders (CTD), Or  Repetitive Strain Injuries (RSI), Or  Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSD) Queries- Mob: 800 845 2222, prabhat.lakki@gmail.com6

7. 2) Dynamic work What two elements are at work? 1)Static work: musculoskeletal effort required to hold a certain position, even a comfortable one. Example: sit & work at computers; keeping head and torso upright requires small or great amounts of static work depending on the efficiency of the body positions we chose. Muscles fatigue faster when they are held in one position. Queries- Mob: 800 845 2222, prabhat.lakki@gmail.com7

8. Static muscle contraction Muscle tense Blood flow is reduced INJURY/ DISABILITY Muscle nutrition is reduced Muscle Pain & fatigue Waste products (lactic acid) build up How injuries occur? Queries- Mob: 800 845 2222, prabhat.lakki@gmail.com8

9.  Key issue is recovery time - the time required for tissue to restore nutrition, replace cells, dissipate byproducts - rest breaks  Some newer research demonstrates that repetition is significantly less of a problem vs. posture A word on repetition Queries- Mob: 800 845 2222, prabhat.lakki@gmail.com9

10. SYMPTOMS OF MSD  Muscle fatigue or pain  Aching  Burning  Numbness  Stiffness  Tingling Queries- Mob: 800 845 2222, prabhat.lakki@gmail.com10

11. SIGNS OF MSD  Decreased range of motion  Loss of function  Deformity  Cramping  Loss of color  Decreased grip strength  Loss of balance  Swelling  Redness Queries- Mob: 800 845 2222, prabhat.lakki@gmail.com11

12. Adaptation vs. Injury the fork in the road…  Adapt  Soft tissue remodels  More strength  More stability  More endurance  Discomfort decreases  Injury  Soft tissue breaks down  Less strength  Less stability  Less tolerance for use  Discomfort increases French & Zecha, 2005 Queries- Mob: 800 845 2222, prabhat.lakki@gmail.com12

13. MORE FREQUENTLY OCCURRING OCCUPATIONALLY INDUCED DISORDERS: Hand problems-  nerve pinch or nerve entrapment  Triggering of fingers Neck and back problems  Spondylitis  Tingling in fingers and toes Knee problems  Meniscal tear  Cartilage damage  ACL rupture Queries- Mob: 800 845 2222, prabhat.lakki@gmail.com13

14. CARPAL TUNNEL SYNDROME One of the best known MSDs The median nerve does not work properly due to pressure on the nerve as it runs through an opening called the carpel tunnel Numbness is usually first symptom. Pain & tingling, can go up the arm to the shoulder and neck, causing waking to pain in middle of night Queries- Mob: 800 845 2222, prabhat.lakki@gmail.com14

15. GUYON ’ S CANAL SYNDROME Similar to carpel tunnel Guyon’s affects the ulnar nerve as it passes through the Guyon canal in the wrist; this is similar to carpal tunnel, but involves a different nerve. Unlike carpel tunnel, Guyon’s affects the little and ring fingers. Can be in conjunction with carpal tunnel Queries- Mob: 800 845 2222, prabhat.lakki@gmail.com15

16. TRIGGER FINGER Trigger finger affects the ability of tendons to slip back and forth. The tendon and/or ligament thicken and a nodule forms This can be caused by rheumatoid arthritis, lacerations of tendon, gripping power tools, long hours of grasping steering wheel, or birth defects Symptoms are pain and a funny clicking sensation Queries- Mob: 800 845 2222, prabhat.lakki@gmail.com16

17. TENNIS ELBOW Overuse or misuse of the forearm muscles can cause tendonitis, or a painful inflammation of the tendons connecting these muscles to bone. This condition is brought on or aggravated by poor leverage causing an uneven distribution of force on a few muscles. This may be when working, or during certain leisure activities, such as sports and gardening. Symptom are severe pain. Queries- Mob: 800 845 2222, prabhat.lakki@gmail.com17

18.  General joint stiffness  Acute strains and sprains  Degenerative disk disease  Bulging disc  Herniated disc  Osteoarthritis Common Back Disorders Queries- Mob: 800 845 2222, prabhat.lakki@gmail.com18

19. Keyhole ACL reconstruction Queries- Mob: 800 845 2222, prabhat.lakki@gmail.com19

20. Keyhole Cartilage transplantation 1 st stage cartilage harvest Queries- Mob: 800 845 2222, prabhat.lakki@gmail.com20

21. 2 nd stage Cartilage implantation Queries- Mob: 800 845 2222, prabhat.lakki@gmail.com21

22. Mini Knee: MIKRS Queries- Mob: 800 845 2222, prabhat.lakki@gmail.com22

23. Mini Knee Queries- Mob: 800 845 2222, prabhat.lakki@gmail.com23

24. Don’t worry- we the Apollo family will take care Prevention is better than Cure Queries- Mob: 800 845 2222, prabhat.lakki@gmail.com 24

25. POSTURE Queries- Mob: 800 845 2222, prabhat.lakki@gmail.com25

26. Load & leverage Think about posture Forward head Sitting Reaching Posture check: reaching & bending it ’ s all connected and it ’ s all about physics… Queries- Mob: 800 845 2222, prabhat.lakki@gmail.com26

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29. POSTURE & ANGLES Queries- Mob: 800 845 2222, prabhat.lakki@gmail.com29

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32. Posture check Increased stress, decreased circulation… Higher riskLower risk Queries- Mob: 800 845 2222, prabhat.lakki@gmail.com32

33. BODY ANGLES  HEAD  SHOULDERS  ELBOWS  HANDS  WAIST  LEGS  FEET Queries- Mob: 800 845 2222, prabhat.lakki@gmail.com33

34. SITTING POSTURES Queries- Mob: 800 845 2222, prabhat.lakki@gmail.com34

35. MORE ANGLES… Queries- Mob: 800 845 2222, prabhat.lakki@gmail.com35

36. MORE ANGLES… Queries- Mob: 800 845 2222, prabhat.lakki@gmail.com36

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41. EXERCISES & STRETCHES These are exercises or stretches that can be performed at your workstation, home, just about anywhere. Queries- Mob: 800 845 2222, prabhat.lakki@gmail.com41

42. EYE  Eye comfort exercises  Blinking  Yawning  Focus change Queries- Mob: 800 845 2222, prabhat.lakki@gmail.com42

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44. NECK STRETCH  Tilt ear towards shoulder  Reach up and touch top of head with palm to hold in tilted position  Hold 5-10 seconds. Repeat 2-3 times (come out of stretch slowly)  Reverse side and repeat Queries- Mob: 800 845 2222, prabhat.lakki@gmail.com44

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49. Office of Horrors Queries- Mob: 800 845 2222, prabhat.lakki@gmail.com49

50. Ideal Office Queries- Mob: 800 845 2222, prabhat.lakki@gmail.com50

51. An ounce of Prevention is worth a pound of cure ! Queries- Mob: 800 845 2222, prabhat.lakki@gmail.com 51