1. The Russian Revolution

2. terms to define Bolshevik collectivization kulaks purges
totalitarianism
Treaty of Brest-Litovsk

3. Other terms to Know
Politburo - principle policy making committee of the communist party in Russia
Commissar - An official in the communist party who was responsible for education. The Commissar kept an eye on every department for Stalin (including the military and police)
NKVD - was the leading secret police organization of the Soviet Union that was responsible for repressions during Stalinism
Gulag - the government agency that administered the penal labor camps. Often found in the cold harsh climate of Siberia
Red Army - military arm of the Bolsheviks created by Trotsky
White Army - loyal to the Czar. Would fight with British, American, and Canadian soldiers to defeat communism

4. Gulags

5. The Causes
Czar Nicholas II failed to win a victory against the Japanese in 1905
Bloody Sunday - Bread riots break out in the streets . The Czar sends in the troops. Over 200 are killed.

6. Causes Continued- Tannenberg
Russia entered the war in 1914
They would suffer a humiliating defeat at the battle of Tannenberg
95000 captured
killed
500 heavy guns captured

7. Russian Society 85% Peasant farmers
100 years behind in industrialization (i.e.: no hospitals, roads, running water)
Czar’s ruled their people with an Iron Fist
Wealth concentrated in 1%of society

8. Issues with the Czar Married a German princess
His heir was deathly ill
they be friend the strange and morally repugnant Rasputin, who supposedly used magic to heal the Czar’s son

9. the end of the Romonav Dynasty
The Czar had failed against Japan and now against the Germans
The army, the only thing that he could oppress the masses with, no longer would follow his orders.
March 15th, 1917 he steps down from the throne

10. The Provisional Government
Alexander Kerensky would Lead the new government (Duma = Russian Parliament
Failed to gain victories in the war
Failed to give land to the Peasants
Revolutionary fever was beginning to grow (France all over)

11. Vladimir Lenin Germans sneak a Russian Revolutionary into Russia
His Bolsheviks will grow from in April to in the fall
They would be known as the Red Army and they were becoming the voice of the people

12. Russian Army Revolts
The Russian army was still suffering heavy casualties at the front
Lavr Kornilov marches the Russian army on the Provisional government in Moscow
Kerenski needs help to save Russia from a dictator. He turns to Lenin and the Red Army
Kerenski gives the Bolsheviks positions of power in the government

13. The October Revolution
More and more people upset with the lack of success of the new government. It was time for the Bolsheviks to strike
Lenin promised land, an end to the war and bread
In October the Bolsheviks seize the telegraphs, radio, train stations, newspapers and police stations
Kerenski fled but Lenin and Trotsky would fight a five year civil war to firmly establish communism in Russia

14. Impact Of the Revolution
By 1922 the Communists in firm control
USSR until 1992
By the end of WW2 the USSR will make up one of the Superpowers that will polarize politics for the last 50 years of the 20th Century

15. The Bolsheviks

16. Vladimir Lenin Mastermind of the Bolshevik take over of Russia
First Head of the Soviet State
Lenin demonstrated a chilling disregard for the sufferings of his country men and crushed all opposition

17. Josef Stalin Took over from Lenin
Ruthless, killing millions of his own people that stood in his way
Responsible for building the Soviet Union into a Superpower and building the war machine that would lead to the defeat of the Nazi’s

18. Leon Trotsky He was Lenin’s right hand man in the take over of Russia
Made war commissar and built the Red Army
Stalin, with the help of the NKVD, turns the party against him and he escapes to Mexico
Stabbed with an ice pick in Mexico by an NKVD agent in 1939

19. Lavrenty Beria Stalin’s Little Spy