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POPULATION HEALTH House Health Committee Testimony Karen Hein MD Member, Green Mountain Care Board Tracy Dolan Deputy Commissioner, Vermont Department.

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Presentation on theme: "POPULATION HEALTH House Health Committee Testimony Karen Hein MD Member, Green Mountain Care Board Tracy Dolan Deputy Commissioner, Vermont Department."— Presentation transcript:

1 POPULATION HEALTH House Health Committee Testimony Karen Hein MD Member, Green Mountain Care Board Tracy Dolan Deputy Commissioner, Vermont Department of Health February 12, 2014

2 POPULATION HEALTH IN VERMONT What is population health? How does it differ from public health? How does Population Health help Vermont achieve 2 goals of moderating cost and improving health? What is GMCB’s role in Act 48 regarding population health? What does the SIM (VHCIP) grant specify? What prevention activities could be scaled up to improve health? K Hein 2014

3 MISMATCH K Hein 2014

4 POPULATION HEALTH DEFINITION SIMPLE DEFINITION: Health of a group Population Health is "the health outcomes of a group of individuals, including the distribution of such outcomes within the group" (Kindig and Stoddart, 2003). While not a part of the definition itself, it is understood that such population health outcomes are the product of multiple determinants of health, including medical care, public health, genetics, behaviors, social factors, and environmental factors. Kindig, D., and G. Stoddart. 2003. What is population health? American Journal of Public Health 93(3):380-383. Working Definition of Population Health, Institute Of Medicine, Roundtable on Population Health Improvement http://www.iom.edu/Activities/PublicHealth/PopulationHealthImprovementRT.aspxhttp://www.iom.edu/Activities/PublicHealth/PopulationHealthImprovementRT.aspx K Hein 2014

5 Determinants of Health Factors influencing Health Status Source: N Engl J Med 2007;357:1221-8.

6 K Hein 2014 What are best ways to influence the 90% non-clinical determinants of health? Socioeconomic Factors Changing the Context to make individuals’ default decisions healthy Long-lasting Protective Interventions Clinical Interventions Counseling & Education Largest Impact Smallest Impact Examples Poverty, education, housing, inequality Immunizations, brief intervention, cessation treatment, colonoscopy Fluoridation, trans fat, smoke-free laws, tobacco tax Rx for high blood pressure, high cholesterol, diabetes Eat healthy, be physically active CDC Health Impact Pyramid

7 Green Mountain Care Board Regulate Rate review: Affordability? Hospital budgets: CHNA Community Health Needs Assessment new requirements Towards global budgets Major capital expenditures: Part of state-wide resource plan Innovate Payment reform: ACO Health care delivery reform: Blueprint plus community Data: Wider lens including economic, social, environmental K Hein 2014 Evaluate: Green Mountain Care Dashboard Expenditure Analysis expansion HRAP Health Resource Allocation Plan UHCB (Unified Health\Care Budget) Evaluate: Green Mountain Care Dashboard Expenditure Analysis expansion HRAP Health Resource Allocation Plan UHCB (Unified Health\Care Budget)

8 Health Outcomes Mortality (length of life) 50% Morbidity (quality of life) 50% Health Factors Health behaviors (30%) Tobacco useDiet & exerciseAlcohol useSexual activityClinical careAccess to careQuality of care Social and economic factors (40%) EducationEmploymentIncome Family & social support Community safety Physicial environment (10%) Environmental quality Built environment Policies and Programs Medical care makes up a small percent of health outcomes County Health Rankings model 2012 UWPHI

9 SIM GRANT VHCIP Vermont Health Care Improvement Population Health Workgroup priorities: – Measures of population health (ACO) – Financing options for paying for population health and prevention (‘balanced portfolio’) – Exemplars from Vermont and elsewhere of effective community-focused interventions including ACC’s (Accountable Care Communities such as Rethink Health of the Upper Valley) K Hein 2014

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13 Diabetes Prevention Program 1 in 4 Vermonters have pre-diabetes – Drivers are obesity and inadequate physical activity Diabetes Prevention Program is an evidence-based program soon to be offered in 11/14 health services areas – need to scale to all 14 and need to promote this benefit among potential participants and providers K Hein 2014

14 Partnership with Medicaid to support Asthma Education and Obesity Counselling Vermont has highest rate of asthma in the country – 11% of adults, 10% of children Medicaid recipients disproportionately affected Asthma education improves health outcomes including ER visits, hospitalization, improved self management ACA allows for reimbursement of asthma education as of Jan 2014 Return on Investment - $5.30 - $14.00 for every dollar invested Medicaid can also support obesity counselling reimbursement VDH and Medicaid exploring ways to work together to promote these benefits among patients and healthcare providers and community partners K Hein 2014

15 Early investments matter Universal pre K – strong starts lead to better health outcomes Early child care guidelines for better nutrition Home visiting - voluntary, in home prevention programs to support new parents in building skills and confidence to nurture the health growth of their baby including the child’s physical, emotional and social development K Hein 2014

16 Home Visiting - Evidence-based to Improve Outcomes  Maternal and infant health  Non-accidental and accidental injury prevention  Domestic violence prevention  Kindergarten readiness  Economic self-sufficiency  Referral to community resources Vermont Department of Health

17 Home Visiting: Coordination of Models  Early Head Start  Maternal, Infant and Early Childhood Home Visiting (MIECHV): Nurse Family Partnership  Linking Action for the Unmet Needs in Children’s Health (LAUNCH): Parent as Teachers  Race to the Top  Maternal Early Childhood Sustained Home visiting (MECSH): Home Health Agencies  Early Start (New Zealand): Vermont’s Parent Child Centers Vermont Department of Health

18 Vermont Unified Health Budget National & Federal State Agencies & Depts Public Health Health Care Community Personal Care

19 Identifying sources for constructing unified health budget Expenditure analysis Public Health budget Evidenced-based programs in Vermont Depts (Agriculture, Education, Labor, Transportation) Community investments in health Federal & Foundation investments in Vermont National & Federal State Agencies & Depts Public Health Health Care Community Personal Care K Hein 2014

20 COMPONENTS OF PUBLIC HEALTH & POPULATION HEALTH FUNDING Dept of Education—school based services, health education, nutrition programs, recreation; Dept of Labor—workplace safety, workplace wellness; Dept of Transportation—highway safety, constructed environment (e.g. bike paths); Dept of Corrections—mental health & substance abuse; AHS– Children, youth & families; DAIL; Mental Health; housing (SASH); K Hein 2014

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22 SUMMARY POPULATION HEALTH IN VERMONT What is population health? How does it differ from public health? Wider view including non-medical contributors to health; “system-ness,” disparities and how parts fit together to improve health and moderate cost How does Population Health help Vermont achieve 2 goals of moderating cost and improving health? Can’t be achieved without population health approaches (which include the major non-medical contributors to health and cost)! What is GMCB’s role in Act 48 regarding population health? Part of our regulatory, innovative AND EVALUATIVE roles (GMC Dashboard, Unified Health/Care Budget, Health Resource Allocation Plan and Expanded Expenditure Analysis) What does the SIM (VHCIP) grant specify regarding Population Health? One of 3 major goals of SIM (and of the “Triple Aims”) is to improve Population Health What are examples of ‘scalable’ activities? Range from those closely related to clinical activities to state-wide policy interventions such as “health in all policies” approach K Hein 2014

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