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The Physics of Rubber Bands. What do rubber bands and springs have in common?

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Presentation on theme: "The Physics of Rubber Bands. What do rubber bands and springs have in common?"— Presentation transcript:

1 The Physics of Rubber Bands

2 What do rubber bands and springs have in common?

3 Exert a restoring force proportional to the displacement from equilibrium

4 How are they different? D

5 Rubber breaks cleanly

6 How are they different? Rubber breaks cleanly Spring-like nature not destroyed by overextension

7 How are they different? Rubber breaks cleanly Spring-like nature not destroyed by overextension Temperature changes with extension/relaxation D

8 Why does rubber behave as it does?

9

10 S

11 Other examples of random motion

12 Scent expanding in air (gaseous mixture)

13 Other examples of random motion Scent expanding in air (gaseous mixture) Food coloring expanding in water (aqueous mixture)

14 Characteristics of random motion

15 Random motion will lead to the most probable state D

16 Characteristics of random motion Random motion will lead to the most probable state The rate of random motion is temperature dependent D

17 Why does rubber warm when stretched and cool when relaxed?

18 When rubber is relaxed it has lots of internal freedom

19 Why does rubber warm when stretched and cool when relaxed? When rubber is stretched it has limited internal freedom

20 Why does rubber warm when stretched and cool when relaxed? Stretching a rubber band restricts the random rotations

21 Why does rubber warm when stretched and cool when relaxed? Stretching a rubber band restricts the random rotations The energy that was involved in the random rotations gets converted into random vibrations and the band heats up

22 Why does rubber warm when stretched and cool when relaxed? Conversely, it takes energy to start the random rotations when a stretched band is released

23 Why does rubber warm when stretched and cool when relaxed? Conversely, it takes energy to start the random rotations when a stretched band is released The energy for the random rotations comes from the vibrational energy of the band and the band cools off

24 Why does rubber warm when stretched and cool when relaxed? Energy is conserved

25 How might this property be useful?

26 Refrigeration

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