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Published byPhilomena Grant Modified over 9 years ago
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SMART Sustainable Moulding of Articles from Recycled Tyres First Year Project Meeting Rome, the 27 th and 28 th of February 2013 Results of direct moulding conducted in TEBAMIX
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The following samples were received from: 1.Rubber granulate(powder) 0-0,8 mm* 2.Rubber granulate 1-2 mm* 3.Rubber granulate 1-4 mm* 4.Rubber buffing** *- produced by ORZEŁ S.A. - Ćmiłów ** produced by FBO Rubber Technology Company - Wolbrom 12 34
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Effect of moulding pressure
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Mould construction
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Processing conditions: 1.Moulding temperature : 180 o C 2.Moulding time : 15 min (starting from hot moulds) 3.Moulding pressure: variable
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Effect of moulding pressure on the granulate (1-2 mm) parameters Measured parameters: Hardness Thickness Tensile strength Elongation at break Density The materials (rubber granulate and buffing) were direct moulded in plates of φ 150mm x4 mm before obtaining dog-bone specimens.
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Details for specified tests Test methodRelevant standardDevice modelDevice photo Hardness (Shore A)PN-80/C-04238 Zwick digital Shore hardness testers Tensile strength and elongation at break PN-ISO 37Testing Machine ZMGI 500 ThicknessPN-ISO 37Thickness gage Sylvac 25mm/0,001 DensityPN-ISO 2781+AC1 Analytical balance WAS 136/C/2 Density determination kit
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Change of the tensile strength [MPa]
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Change of the elongation at break [%]
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Change of the hardness [ o ShA]
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Change of the density [ g/cm 3 ]
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Change of the thickness
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Effect of moulding pressure on the granulate (1-2 mm) – all samples
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Effect of the presence of moisture in the rubber powder – samples thickness ~ 20 mm Rubber powder was dried under different conditions: 180 C x 30 min - on the press plate 150 C x 60 min - on the press plate 120 C x 90 min - in a dryer Blisters are present in all samples.
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Mixing different types of granules in one sample Upper layer – powder 0-0.8 mm* (3 mm thickness) Lower layer – granulate 1-2 mm (15 mm thickness) * The rubber powder was undried. The surface is smooth and don't have blisters.
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Another experiments
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Processing conditions: 1.Moulding temperature : 180 o C 2.Moulding time : 15 min (starting from hot moulds) 3.Moulding pressure: 3,2 MPa 4.Plates dimension: 120 x 90 x 4 mm* * unless otherwise noted
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Mould construction:
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Effect of the presence of moisture in the rubber powder* (0-0,8mm) No blisters *Samples dimension: 120x90x2
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Effect of the presence of moisture in the rubber powder* (0-0,8mm) *Samples dimension: 120x90x2
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Comparison all tested granulates All samples were made by using direct moulding.
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Modification of surface granulates (1-2 mm) by addition: Curing system (vulcanising agent, accelerator) Sulphur TMTD Zinc stearate Plasticisers Paraffinic oil Aromatic oil Machine oil Solvents Water Extraction gasoline Resin (other than polyurethane binder) novolac
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Modification by sulphur - influence increase the percentage of sulfur
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Modification by TMTD and sulphur/TMTD (5:1)
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Modification by zinc stearate
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Modification by plasticisers
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Modification by solvents
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Modification by novolac (resin)
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Recycled rubber products were made by using of polyurethane binder. Processing conditions 1.Moulding temperature : 90 o C 2.Moulding time : 7 min (starting from hot moulds) 3.Moulding pressure: 3,2 MPa 4.Plates dimension: 120 x 90 x 4 mm 5.Polyuretane binder content : 6 wt % Rubber plates were moulded by using: 1.Rubber granulate(powder) 0-0,8 mm 2.Rubber granulate 1-2 mm 3.Rubber granulate 1-4 mm 4.Rubber buffing
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Comparison all tested samples were obtained by using of polyurethane resin
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Comparision of samples ( similar density 1.12-1.15g/cm3)
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