1. A Growing Nation
Unit 3, Lesson 3

2. Industry in Ohio After the Civil War, industries in Ohio grew rapidly.
Ohio’s location, natural resources, and transportation systems made this growth possible.

3. Steel, Oil, Rubber, and Glass
Ohioans began making iron for farm tools in the early 1800s.
Growth of railroads after the Civil War led to a greater demand for iron and steel.
Demand  the need for a product or service by people who are willing to pay for it
Ohio steel mills made a greater supply of steel to meet the demand.
Supply  the amount of a product offered for sale

4. Steel, Oil, Rubber, and Glass
Oil = John D. Rockefeller
formed the Standard Oil Company in Cleveland in 1870.
by 1880  company owned most of the oil in the United States
Rubber = Benjamin F. Goodrich in 1871
moved his factory to Akron; eventually became known as “Rubber Capital of the World”
Glass = Edward Libbey in 1888
moved factory to Toledo; eventually became known as “Glass City”

5. Steel, Oil, Rubber, and Glass
Ohio had many of the natural resources needed to make products
Iron ore, oil, natural gas
Allowed Ohio industries to specialize (to make only a few kinds of products)
Able to make more of a product for a lower cost

6. A New Century
Many people came to work in the state’s growing industries.
By 1900 more than 4 million people lived in Ohio.

7. Famous Ohio Inventors
The growth of industry led a number of Ohioans to develop inventions
Invention  something that has been made for the first time
One of the most famous Ohio inventors was Thomas Edison
Invented the electric lightbulb
Held more than 1,000 patents
Patent  government award of the right to make or sell an invention; stop others from copying an invention

8. Famous Ohio Inventors
Orville and Wilbur Wright from Dayton developed a completely new way to travel
1903 = made the first successful powerful airplane flight
Charles Kettering from Dayton invented the electric automobile starter
Allowed people to start cars without turning a crank or handle

9. The Wright Brothers

10. Charles Kettering

11. Famous Ohio Inventors
Some successful Ohio inventors were African Americans.
Granville Woods of Cincinnati developed the first electric railway
Garrett Morgan of Cleveland patented the first United States traffic signal and early gas mask

12. Granville Woods

13. Garrett Morgan

14. Newcomers to Ohio
Thousands of Europeans immigrated to the United States in the early 1900s – many came to Ohio
By 1910 about 1 out of 3 people in Cleveland, Youngstown, and Lorain had come from some other country.

15. Newcomers to Ohio
African Americans also migrated to Ohio and other northern states during this time.
Many came from southern states.
The movement of people came to be called the Great Migration.
In the 1910s and 1920s, thousands of African Americans moved to Ohio cities to work in factories.

16. The Great Migration