1. AMERICA’S ECONOMIC REVOLUTION CHAPTER 10

2. THE CHANGING AMERICAN POPULATION Population of Immigration Source, 1840-1860

3. THE CHANGING AMERICAN POPULATION The Rise of Nativism Native American Party Goals/Objectives: Supreme Order of the Star-Spangled Banner Goals/Objectives: Know-Nothing Party Goals/Objectives:

4. ERAS OF TRANSPORTATION Turnpike and River Era – 1790s to 1820s Canal Era – 1825 to 1840s Railroad Era – 1850s to 1940s Automobile Era – 1920s to Present

5. ERAS OF TRANSPORTATION Turnpikes National Road

6. ERAS OF TRANSPORTATION

7. Steamboats Robert Fulton Clermont Impact on transportation and trade? Erie Canal (See previous slide) Significance Cost of trade Direction of trade Settlement of Northwest New York City Upstate New York Canal Boom What was the effect?

8. ERAS OF TRANSPORTATION The Early Railroads The Triumph of the Rails Northeast Sectional Short Lines Trunk Lines Railroad Investors 30 million acres of land toward development Why is this important that Congress acted immediately?

9. ERAS OF TRANSPORTATION

11. Impact of Railroads Promoted national trade and economic growth Linked Northeast and old Northwest for trade Consolidation of early short lines leads to East to West Orientation Chicago Promoted the growth of other industry Iron Coal Telegraph Encouraged farmers to specialize First great corporations in US – model for later businesses

12. AMERICA’S ECONOMIC REVOLUTION Innovations in Communications and Journalism Samuel Morse Telegraph Instant Communication Created more sectional differences – but how? Richard Hoe Steam Cylinder Rotary Press News Events – Major Cities Major Papers Tribune, Herald, Times

13. AMERICA’S ECONOMIC REVOLUTION Commerce and Industry The Expansion of Business, 1820 to 1840 Department Stores Rise of Corporations Investment Capital Barter, Cash, Credit Gold vs. Silver Bank Problems

14. AMERICA’S ECONOMIC REVOLUTION The Emergence of the Factory Changing Social Structures Transformation of the Shoe Industry Charles Goodyear (Vulcanization) Singer and Howe (Clothes Production) Why did the Factory emerge over Merchants?

15. AMERICA’S ECONOMIC REVOLUTION Men and Women at Work Recruiting a Native Work Force Family at Factories Waltham System Lowell Towns The Immigrant Work Force The Factory System and the Artisan Tradition Trade Unions vs. the Panic of 1837 Fighting for Control Express Contracts Commonwealth v. Hunt Child Labor Laws