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2. Fundamentals of Global Energy Business Michael J. Orlando University of Colorado - Denver week 1: Demand for Energy video 4: energy demand evolves over time

3. 3 Global Energy Management Program---- Business School. The evolving demand for energy Innovation changes the nature of energy demand Pre-history: food calories + body => manual labor Traditional (e.g.): flowing water + wheel => milling Modern (e.g.): combustion + turbine => electricity

4. 4 Global Energy Management Program---- Business School. Energy eras: era (defining technology) distinctive work requirementsprimary energy sources

5. 5 Global Energy Management Program---- Business School. Energy eras: era (defining technology) distinctive work requirementsprimary energy sources pre-industrial (agriculture): ≤ mid 1700’s mechanical for field work, agricultural goods processing, transport to market; thermal for heating, lighting food calories for manual & animal labor, some renewables (e.g. hydro, wind) for milling, transportation; wood for home heating, passive solar for lighting, food calories for lamp oils (though often in form of animal oils)

6. 6 Global Energy Management Program---- Business School. Energy eras: era (defining technology) distinctive work requirementsprimary energy sources pre-industrial (agriculture): ≤ mid 1700’s mechanical for field work, agricultural goods processing, transport to market; thermal for heating, lighting food calories for manual & animal labor, some renewables (e.g. hydro, wind) for milling, transportation; wood for home heating, passive solar for lighting, food calories for lamp oils early industrial (advanced metallurgical practices): late 1700’s to mid 1800’s mechanical for agriculture, manufacturing, transport; thermal for heating, lighting continued use of wood for heat, oil lamps for light; begin use of coal for various thermal & mechanical needs in manufacturing, for heat at home; coal gas for lighting; begin use of wood and coal for steam engines

7. 7 Global Energy Management Program---- Business School. Energy eras: era (defining technology) distinctive work requirementsprimary energy sources pre-industrial (agriculture): ≤ mid 1700’s mechanical for field work, agricultural goods processing, transport to market; thermal for heating, lighting food calories for manual & animal labor, some renewables (e.g. hydro, wind) for milling, transportation; wood for home heating, passive solar for lighting, food calories for lamp oils (though often in form of animal oils) early industrial (advanced metallurgical practices): late 1700’s to mid 1800’s mechanical for agriculture, manufacturing, transport; thermal for heating, lighting continued use of wood for heat, oil lamps for light; begin use of coal for various thermal & mechanical needs in manufacturing, for heat at home; coal gas for lighting. Begin use of wood and coal for steam engines industrial (steam engine) mid 1800’s to early 1900’s mechanical for increasingly diverse goods manufacturing, mass transportation; thermal for heating; electrical for lighting coal use grows w/ extensive application of steam engine; economies of scale in mining and transport make coal cost-effective for home heating. Begin use of coal for electrical generation, emerging use of petroleum products for transport

8. 8 Global Energy Management Program---- Business School. Energy eras: era (defining technology) distinctive work requirementsprimary energy sources pre-industrial (agriculture): ≤ mid 1700’s mechanical for field work, agricultural goods processing, transport to market; thermal for heating, lighting food calories for manual & animal labor, some renewables (e.g. hydro, wind) for milling, transportation; wood for home heating, passive solar for lighting, food calories for lamp oils early industrial (advanced metallurgical practices): late 1700’s to mid 1800’s mechanical for agriculture, manufacturing, transport; thermal for heating, lighting continued use of wood for heat, oil lamps for light; begin use of coal for various thermal & mechanical needs in manufacturing, for heat at home; coal gas for lighting. Begin use of wood and coal for steam engines industrial (steam engine) mid 1800’s to early 1900’s mechanical for increasingly diverse goods manufacturing, mass transportation; thermal for heating; electrical for lighting coal use grows w/ extensive application of steam engine; economies of scale in mining and transport make coal cost-effective for home heating. Begin use of coal for electrical generation, emerging use of petroleum products for transport late industrial (dynamo, internal combustion engine) early to late 1900’s mechanical for manufacturing, individualized transportation; electrical for manufacturing automation and home consumption continued use of coal for electrical generation, growing use of petroleum for diverse portfolio of products and transportation; in latter part of era, diversification of primary sources for growing demand for electricity

9. 9 Global Energy Management Program---- Business School. Energy eras: era (defining technology) distinctive work requirementsprimary energy sources pre-industrial (agriculture): ≤ mid 1700’s mechanical for field work, agricultural goods processing, transport to market; thermal for heating, lighting food calories for manual & animal labor, some renewables (e.g. hydro, wind) for milling, transportation; wood for home heating, passive solar for lighting, food calories for lamp oils early industrial (advanced metallurgy practices): late 1700’s to mid 1800’s mechanical for agriculture, manufacturing, transport; thermal for heating, lighting continued use of wood for heat, oil lamps for light; begin use of coal for various thermal & mechanical needs in manu., for home heat; coal gas lighting. Begin use of wood and coal for steam engines industrial (steam engine) mid 1800’s to early 1900’s mechanical for increasingly diverse goods manufacturing, mass transportation; thermal for heating; electrical for lighting coal use grows w/ extensive application of steam engine; coal for home heating. Begin use of coal for electrical generation, emerging use of petroleum products for transport late industrial (dynamo, internal combustion engine) early to late 1900’s mechanical for manufacturing, individualized transportation; electrical for manufacturing automation and home consumption continued use of coal for electrical generation, growing use of petroleum for products and transport; diversification of primary sources for growing demand for electricity information (microprocessor): ≥ late1900’s mechanical for manufacturing, transport; electrical for automation, information transmission & processing, home consumption continued use of coal and growing use of natural gas and renewables for electrical generation, growing use of petroleum for products and transportation demand in developing nations

10. 10 Global Energy Management Program---- Business School. US Primary Energy Consumption:

11. 11 Global Energy Management Program---- Business School.