2.  Three examples of Knowledge Issues that could be addressed in this title: ◦ To what extent do our senses give us the truth? ◦ To what extent do reason, emotion and language (and other factors) affect our sense perception? ◦ What is the scope, and what are the limits of sensory information in different areas of knowledge?

3.  Three examples of Knowledge Issues that could be addressed in this title: ◦ To what extent can reason operate in isolation from other ways of knowing? ◦ What is the relationship between “reasoning” and “truth”? ◦ In what ways and to what extent can reasoning operate in different areas of knowledge?

4.  Aspects of knowledge ◦ Acquisition ◦ Production ◦ Shaping ◦ Classification ◦ Status ◦ Acceptance ◦ Rejection  Terms of ToK vocabulary: ◦ Areas of Knowledge ◦ Ways of Knowing ◦ Linking Questions  Belief  Certainty  Culture  Evidence  Experience  Explanation  Interpretation  Intuition  Justification  Truth  Values

5.  In General ◦ Open-ended questions ◦ Have more than one possible answer ◦ Have more than one perspective ◦ Explicitly about knowledge itself  Levels of Knowledge Issues ◦ Poor  For a presentation, may be adequate to satisfy the criterion of KI ◦ Intermediate ◦ Good  Necessary for higher achievement on written assessment (and helps with presentation as well)

6. LevelDescriptorExample Good An open-ended question What is it about a scientific explanation that makes it convincing or unconvincing? Explicitly about knowledge Couched in terms of ToK vocabulary and concepts Precise in terms of relationships between concepts Interme diate May be: How can we decide if acupuncture works or not? An open-ended question Explicitly about knowledge Poor May be: Does acupuncture work? A closed question Implicitly about knowledge Not a Knowledge Issue May be: Traditional medicine A statement or a description of a situation A closed question A subject-specific topic or question rather than about knowledge itself Real-life situation This could be the real-life situation for the presentation or an example in the essay My uncle went to an acupuncturist

7. How do religious people come to their beliefs? How can reason be used to justify religious beliefs? Physics and God Article on science and religion Are religious beliefs reasonable?

8. How do religious people come to their beliefs? How can reason be used to justify religious beliefs? Physics and God Article on science and religion Are religious beliefs reasonable?

9. Why do optical illusions happen? What can we learn from optical illusions? What, if anything, do optical illusions tell us about sense perception and truth? Optical illusions An optical illusion

10. Why do optical illusions happen? What can we learn from optical illusions? What, if anything, do optical illusions tell us about sense perception and truth? Optical illusions An optical illusion

11. How can we know if capital punishment is right or wrong? A book: The Execution of Saddam Hussein The execution of Saddam Hussein Capital punishment: why should or shouldn’t we adopt it? What role should intuition play in justifying capital punishment?

12. How can we know if capital punishment is right or wrong? A book: The Execution of Saddam Hussein The execution of Saddam Hussein Capital punishment: why should or shouldn’t we adopt it? What role should intuition play in justifying capital punishment?

13. A new government policy Stopping teenagers smoking To what extent can human sciences use mathematical techniques to make accurate predictions? Will predictions on teenage smoking turn out to be correct? How can we use models to predict social behaviour?

14. A new government policy Stopping teenagers smoking To what extent can human sciences use mathematical techniques to make accurate predictions? Will predictions on teenage smoking turn out to be correct? How can we use models to predict social behaviour?

15. LevelExample Good Intermedi ate Should we believe paranormal claims? Poor Does the paranormal exist? Is swine flu likely to kill millions? Not a Knowledge Issue What is the sixth sense? What do we mean by an epidemic? Wearing jeans in school Real-life situation A film on haunting A news report on a new swine flu An interview with Miss Anne

16. LevelDescriptorExample Good An open-ended question What is it about a scientific explanation that makes it convincing or unconvincing? Explicitly about knowledge Couched in terms of ToK vocabulary and concepts Precise in terms of relationships between concepts Interme diate May be: How can we decide if acupuncture works or not? An open-ended question Explicitly about knowledge Poor May be: Does acupuncture work? A closed question Implicitly about knowledge Not a Knowledge Issue May be: Traditional medicine A statement or a description of a situation A closed question A subject-specific topic or question rather than about knowledge itself Real-life situation This could be the real-life situation for the presentation or an example in the essay My uncle went to an acupuncturist

17. LevelExample Good Intermedi ate Should we believe paranormal claims? Poor Does the paranormal exist? Is swine flu likely to kill millions? Not a Knowledge Issue What is the sixth sense? What do we mean by an epidemic? Wearing jeans in school Real-life situation A film on haunting A news report on a new swine flu An interview with Miss Anne We often have to assume some facts are true to continue thinking. How does this hinder or enable the process of knowing? To what extent does the media affect our perception of certain world issues, and can we trust it? Are the news saying the truth about the Swine Flu? To what extent does reason influence our belief on paranormal cliams. To what extend can reason justify the presence of paranormal stuff? Is Miss Anne right about thinking that we shouldn't wear uniforms? How useful are uniforms? To what extent do emotions affect our trust on medicin? why do we trust medicine? To what extent does Miss Anne's reason/ authority influence our behavior in school torwards wearing jeans? Why should we wear jeans in school? Is it mandetory to wear jeans in school? To what extent is individuality important as a way of developing self- perception in high- schoolers?

18. LevelExample Good Intermedi ate Poor Not a Knowledge Issue Real-life situation Will chocolate help your bad mood? Does chocolate taste good? Eating chocolate Can social medias change our behavior? Does our capacity to learn change as we grow older? You notice details you didn’t before. What are social medias? Revising a childhood book. Social medias and mass behavior Why should we trust scientific trust of chocolate helping bad mood? Are the social networks to blame for or behavior? To what extend does the social medias change our interpretation of reality, and does it change our behavior? Is what we learn at any point in time certain, if we are likely to change our minds and interpret things differently as we gain more experience? What is the relationship of maturing senses and perceptions of truth and knowledge? Can you prove through emotion and sense perception the changes that chocolate has or doesn’t have in you?

19. ◦ To what extent can reason operate in isolation from other ways of knowing? ◦ What is the relationship between “reasoning” and “truth”? ◦ In what ways and to what extent can reasoning operate in different areas of knowledge? ◦ To what extent do our senses give us the truth? ◦ To what extent do reason, emotion and language (and other factors) affect our sense perception? ◦ What is the scope, and what are the limits of sensory information in different areas of knowledge?

20. Knowledge Issue AssumptionsMain PointsCounterclaimsExploredJustified Argument or Example PerspectivesExploredExamplesRelevantExploredLinksTo KIWoKs & AoKsImplications

21.  Knowledge Issue  Main Points ◦ Statements being made  These are your paragraphs  Examples ◦ Relevant and Effective  Different Perspectives ◦ Another view on your topic or concept raised  Links ◦ Between KI, WoKs, and AoKs  Counterclaims ◦ An argument against a statement you are trying to justify  Implications ◦ What does your argument imply?  Underlying Assumptions ◦ What are you assuming?

22.  Knowledge Issue ◦ To what extent do our senses give us the truth?  Assumptions ◦ That truth is a belief that is justified.  Main Points ◦ Senses bring us knowledge about the world. ◦ Limited senses limit our knowledge ◦ Senses can give us faulty knowledge ◦ I can share my experience with others  Knowledge Issue  To what extent can reason operate in isolation from other ways of knowing?  Main Points ◦ Emotion can not be understood without reason. ◦ Sense perception can record data about the world around us, but reason evaluates, compares, and concludes. ◦ Language provides the medium to communicate but reason gives that communication meaning.

23.  Knowledge Issue ◦ To what extent do our senses give us the truth?  Assumptions ◦ That truth is a belief that is justified.  Main Points ◦ Senses bring us knowledge about the world. ◦ Limited senses limit our knowledge ◦ Senses can give us faulty knowledge ◦ I can share my experience with others  Knowledge Issue  To what extent can reason operate in isolation from other ways of knowing?  Main Points ◦ Emotion can not be understood without reason. ◦ Sense perception can record data about the world around us, but reason evaluates, compares, and concludes. ◦ Language provides the medium to communicate but reason gives that communication meaning.

24. Knowledge Issue AssumptionsMain PointsCounterclaimsExploredJustified Argument or Example PerspectivesExploredExamplesRelevantExploredLinksTo KIWoKs & AoKsImplications