1. Chapter 1
The Importance of MIS

2. This Could Happen to You: You’re Firing Me?
Jennifer lacks critical skills that AllRoad Parts needs
Abstract reasoning skills.
Systems thinking skills.
Collaboration skills.
Experimentation skills.
GOALS
Engage students’ interest and emotions.
Practice assessing, evaluating, and applying emerging technology to business.
Impart that Reich’s four skills are not an academic theory; they are skills needed by business professionals today.
Convey that people without Reich’s four skills are at a disadvantage.
Establish that this course is an excellent way to learn Reich’s four skills.
Set up the AllRoad case for use with Chapters 2–6.
AllRoad Parts case can be used to investigate systems and process requirements that concern 3D printing.
Ask students to find video examples of 3D printing on the Internet and show them in class.
Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.

3. Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
Study Questions
Q1: Why is Introduction to MIS the most important class in the business school? Q2: What is MIS? Q3: How can you use the five-component model? Q4: Why is the difference between information technology and information systems important? Q5: What is information? Q6: What are necessary data characteristics? Q7: 2024?
Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.

4. Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
Q1: Why Is Introduction to MIS the Most Important Class in the Business School?
Moore’s Law
“The number of transistors per square inch on an integrated chip doubles every 18 months.”
Discuss what happens when those costs are essentially zero.
Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.

5. Computer Price/ Performance Ratio Historical Trend
Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.

6. Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
Some Consequences
• YouTube • Pintrest • Facebook • Woot • Pandora • Twitter • LinkedIn • Foursquare None prominent in 2005, some didn’t exist in 2005
Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.

7. Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
What Are the Cost Effective Business Applications of Facebook, Twitter, or Whatever Will Soon Appear?
Are Facebook’s “Like” and Twitter’s “Follow” applications cost- effective? Do they generate revenue worth the expense of running them? What about cloud apps?
Marketing people, not technical specialists, must answer these questions.
Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.

8. How Can I Attain Job Security?
"The only job security that exists, is a marketable skill and the courage to use it.”
Any routine skill can and will be outsourced to lowest bidder.
Message: Develop strong non-routine cognitive skills.
Because of Moore’s Law.
Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.

9. What Is a Marketable Skill?
Rapid technological change and increased international competition place spotlight on skills and preparation of the workforce, particularly the ability to adapt to changing technology and shifting demand.
Shifts in nature of organizations favor people with strong nonroutine cognitive skills.
Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.

10. How Can Intro to MIS Help You Learn Non-Routine Skills?
Abstract Reason
Ability to make and manipulate models.
Learn five components of an information system model.
Chapter 5: How to create data models.
Chapter 10: How to make process models.
Abstract thinking involves using models. One or more models in every course topic and book chapter.
Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.

11. How Can Intro to MIS Help You Learn Non-Routine Skills? (cont’d)
Systems Thinking
Ability to model system components, connect inputs and outputs among components to reflect structure and dynamics of system observed.
Discuss, illustrate, critique systems; compare alternative systems; apply different systems to different situations.
All of those tasks will prepare you for systems thinking as a professional.
Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.

12. How Can Intro to MIS Help You Learn Non-Routine Skills? (cont’d)
Collaboration
Activity of two or more people working together to achieve a common goal, result, or work product.
Chapter 2 discusses collaboration skills and illustrates several sample collaboration information systems.
Every chapter of this book includes collaboration exercises that you may be assigned in class or as homework.
Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.

13. How Can Intro to MIS Help You Learn Non-Routine Skills? (cont’d)
Ability to Experiment
Make reasoned analysis of an opportunity; developing and evaluating possible solutions.
“I’ve never done this before.”
“I don’t know how to do it.”
“But will it work?”
“Is it too weird for the market?”
Fear of failure paralyzes.
Using features and functions of Microsoft Excel, Access not used before. Collaborating using Microsoft SharePoint, Google Docs and Spreadsheets, or other collaboration tools.
Think about GearUp's margin problem. Is there a way it could use social networking within the company to reduce expenses? Could buyers use Facebook or Twitter to share ideas on negotiating the best price? Or, would Google+ be a better choice? Is there anyone in the world who can tell you what to do? How to proceed?
Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.

14. Job Growth over the Past Twenty Years
One in two recent college graduates either unemployed or underemployed, but, not in all job categories.
If you have a degree in creative writing or European history, jobs may be hard to find.
Situation is dramatically different for computer related information systems jobs.
Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.

15. Bottom Line of MIS Course
Ethics Guides included with every chapter help students to think about ethical dilemmas and clarify their values so they will be ready to respond authentically to future ethical challenges.
Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.

16. Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
Q2: What Is MIS?
Key elements
Management and use.
Information systems.
Strategies.
Goal of MIS
Managing IS to achieve business strategies.
Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.

17. Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
What Is MIS (cont’d)
Management
The key is to develop, maintain, and adapt.
To create an information system that meets your needs, take an active role in the system’s development. Why?
Business professionals understand business needs and requirements.
Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.

18. Components of an Information System?
Components interact to produce information
Ask students to identify components of an online dating system.
Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.

19. Development and Use of Information Systems
Business professionals need to:
Take active role to ensure systems meet their needs.
Understand how IS is constructed.
Consider users’ needs during development.
Learn how to use the IS.
Ancillary (security, backups).
Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.

20. Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
Achieving Strategies
Information systems exist to help people in a business achieve the business' strategies.
“What is the purpose of our Facebook page?”
“What is it going to do for us?”
“What is our policy for employees’ contributions?”
“What should we do about critical customer reviews?”
“Are the costs of maintaining the page sufficiently offset by the benefits?”
Chapter 3 addresses the relationship between information systems and strategy in more depth.
Chapter 8 addresses social media and strategy specifically.
Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.

21. Q3: How Can You Use the Five-Component Model?
Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.

22. Characteristics of the Five Components
Most Important Component
YOU!
Quality of your thinking, your ability to conceive information from data, determined by your cognitive skills.
Information is value you add to information systems.
All Components Must Work.
Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.

23. Characteristics of the Five Components (cont'd)
High-Tech Versus Low-Tech Information Systems.
Understanding the Scope of New Information Systems.
Components Ordered by Difficulty and Disruption.
Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.

24. Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
Why Is the Difference Between Information Technology and Information Systems Important to You? (cont’d)
Avoid a common mistake: Cannot buy an IS
Can buy IT, rent, lease hardware, software and databases, and predesigned procedures.
Your people need to execute procedures to employ new IT.
Use of new system requires training, overcoming employees’ resistance, and managing employees as they use new system.
Use example of an organization developing a Facebook page.
Facebook provides hardware, software, database structures, and standard procedures.
You provide content, custom procedures, training and managing your employees.
Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.

25. Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
Using MIS InClass 1: Information Systems and Online Dating (Group Exercise)
Basis
Companies
Theory of relationships: personality, compatibility, etc.
Chemistry
eHarmony
PerfectMatch
Plenty of Fish
Political interests
ConservativeDates
Liberalhearts
Common social/economic interests
GoodGenes
MillionaireMatch
Common activity interests
Golfmates
EquestrianCupid
CowboyCowgirl
Single Firefighters
Asexual Pals
Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.

26. Q4: Why Is the Difference Between IT and IS Important to You?
Information technology drives development of new information systems.
Information technology (IT)
Products
Methods
Inventions
Standards
IT components = Hardware + Software + Data.
IS = IT + Procedures + People.
Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.

27. Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
Q5: What Is Information?
Definitions vary
Knowledge derived from data, where data represents recorded facts or figures.
Data presented in a meaningful context.
Processed data, or data processed by summing, ordering, averaging, grouping, comparing, or other similar operations.
A difference that makes a difference.
Data: each employee's hourly wage.
Information: average hourly wage; graphic comparison of stock price to net income.
Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.

28. Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
Where Is Information?
Graph is not, in itself, complete information.
Graph is the data you and others perceive, use to conceive information.
Ability to conceive information from data determined by cognitive skills.
People perceive different information from same data.
Does a graph contain information? If it shows a information that makes a difference or if it presents data in a meaningful context, then it fits two of the definitions of information, and it’s tempting to say the graph displays information.
However, show that graph to your family dog. Does your dog find information in that graph?
Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.

29. Amazon.com Stock Price and Net Income
Does that graph contain information?
Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.

30. Q6: What Are Necessary Data Characteristics?
Example of poor information--data in Figure 2-6 is incorrect, there is no way the buyers can make good decisions about parts procurement.
Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.

31. Ethics Guide: Ethics and Professional Responsibility
Introduce Kant’s categorical imperative, the first of two ethical models to be used in this course.
Explore ethical issues concerning data displays that deceive.
Practice applying the difference between data and information.
Zero Y-axis Intersection Scale: Which graph do you present?
Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.

32. Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
Immanuel Kant
Categorical imperative
One should behave only in a way that one would want the behavior to be a universal law.
Are you willing to publish your behavior to the world?
Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.

33. Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
Duty
Necessity to act in accordance with the categorical imperative.
Perfect duty - behavior that must always be met. (Not lying)
Imperfect duty - action that is praiseworthy, but not required according to categorical imperative. (Giving to charity; developing your business skills and abilities)
Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.

34. Imperfect Duty of Business Professionals
Cultivating one’s talent is an imperfect duty-- it is professional responsibility.
Obtaining skills necessary to accomplish your job.
Continue developing business skills and abilities throughout your careers.
Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.

35. Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
Q7: 2024?
Huge networks of computers to process image data in real time. What does that mean for privacy? Where are the business opportunities?
Computers-in-a-product
Will people still go to work?
Will people be employees of organizations?
Will classrooms be needed?
Everyday items now have embedded computers to collect data and interact over the Internet.
Between now and 2023, you should look for opportunities to include networked computers into products you’re making, marketing, or selling.
Who will be the big winners? Students. Publishers will sell innovative content over the Kindles-to-be that could eliminate used books. Students will pay $40 instead of $140 for a textbook, while book resellers will lose.
If you can learn on your own, why go to a traditional campus or classroom when you could learn from an online class for $3,500 per year?
Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.

36. Security Guide: Password Etiquette
Never write down your password, do not share it with others.
Never ask someone for their password.
Never give your password to someone.
“do-si-do” move—moving away so another person can enter password privately—common professional practice.
Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.

37. Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
Strong Passwords
Ten or more characters.
Does not contain your user name, real name, or company name.
Does not contain a complete dictionary word in any language.
Different from previous passwords used.
Contains both upper- and lowercase letters, numbers, and special characters (such as ˜ #, $ % ^; &; * ( ) _ +; – =; { } | [ ] \ : “ ; ’ <; >;? , . /).
One technique for creating memorable, strong passwords is to base them on the first letter of the words in a phrase.
Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.

38. Guide: Five-Component Careers
GOALS
Motivate students for study in this course and in others by reminding them of the need to prepare for jobs now. Employment will not necessarily be easy.
Broaden students’ perspectives about MIS careers. Many exciting jobs other than programmer or hardware specialist exist.
Make students aware that a lot of interesting jobs that require MIS skills are not necessarily “computer” jobs. Professional sales is one, for example.
Reinforce the five-component model and show students another way they can use it to guide their thinking.
Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.

39. Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
Active Review
Q1: Why is Introduction to MIS the most important class in the business school? Q2: What is MIS? Q3: How can you use the five-component model? Q4: Why is the difference between information technology and information systems important? Q5: What is information? Q6: What are necessary data characteristics? Q7: 2024?
Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.

40. Case Study 1: The Amazon of Innovation
Figure shows list of business innovations created by Amazon for online retailing. Began as an online bookstore in 1994, and added new product categories. In 2011, Amazon sold goods in 29 product categories.
Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.

41. Case Study 1: The Amazon of Innovation (cont'd)
Amazon’s business lies in three categories:
Online retailing
Own inventory
Associates program
Consignment
Order fulfillment
Cloud services
Amazon built an enormous supporting infrastructure to ship 9 million items a day during the busy holiday season. Most of the year, Amazon.com has excess infrastructure capacity. Starting in 2000, Amazon began to lease some of that capacity to other companies and that led to the creation of cloud services.
You can ship your inventory to an Amazon warehouse and access Amazon’s information systems just as if they were yours.
Amazon Web Services allows organizations to lease time on computer equipment in very flexible ways. Organizations can expand and contract their computer resources within minutes.
Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.