2.  A syllable in Chinese consists of an initial, a final, and a tone  One word, one syllable › Simplified and Traditional Chinese Characters  Chinese syllables can be spelled by several different systems: › Hanyu Pinyin or Pinyin: popular in China › Zhuyin: Popular in Taiwan

3. 拼音字母 Pinyin 國際音標 IPA 拼音字母 Pinyin 國際音標 IPA 拼音字母 Pinyin 國際音標 IPA b [b]g [k]s [s] p [bʻ]k [kʻ]zh [tʂ] m [m]h [x]ch [tʂ] f [fʻ]j [tɕ]sh [ʂʻ] d [t]q [tɕʻ]r [ʐ] t [tʻ]x [ɕ]y [j] n [n]z [ts]w [w] l [l]c [tsʻ]v [v] [ü]

4. 拼音字母 Pinyin 國際音標 IPA 拼音字母 Pinyin 國際音標 IPA 拼音字母 Pinyin 國際音標 IPA a[Ą]e[ɣ]u[u] o[o]i[i]ü[y]

5. 拼音字母 Pinyin 國際音標 IPA 拼音字母 Pinyin 國際音標 IPA 拼音字母 Pinyin 國際音標 IPA ai[ai]ing[iŋ]uai[uai] ei[ei]ia[ia]ui（uei）[uei] ao[ɑu]iao[iɑu]uan[uan] ou[ou]ian[iæn]uang[uɑŋ] an[an]iang[iɑŋ]un (uen）[uən] en[ən]ie[iɛ]ueng[uəŋ] in[in]iong[yŋ]üe[yɛ] ang[ɑŋ]iou[iou]üan[yæn] eng[əŋ]ua[uɑ]ün[yn] ong[uŋ]uo[uo]ng[ŋ]

6.  Definition: A final with a retroflexed end  Popular in Beijing Manderin  Examples: -r also writes as ɹ shì + -r  shìr (a thing) huā + -r  huār (a flower) wán + -r  wánr (to play)

7. 聲調 TonesPitchaoeiuü 第一聲First tone55āōēīūǖ 第二聲 Second tone 35áóéíúǘ 第三聲Third tone214ăŏěĭŭǚ 第四聲Fourth tone51àòèìùǜ Neutralized Tone: short & weak ex: bā ba xué sheng

8. 1. When a 3 rd toner precedes another 3 rd toner, the former changes to a 2 nd toner. lăo + lĭ  láo lĭxiăo + jiě  xiáo jiě 2. When 不 “bù” precedes a 4 th toner, “bù” changes to “bú” bù + yào  bú yàobù + shì  bú shì 3. When一 “yì” precedes a 4 th toner, “yì” changes to “yí” yì + yàng  yí yàngyì + gòng  yí gòng

9.  I study at Shih Hsin University in Taipei › 我 “wŏ” (I) › 在 “zài” (at) › 台北 “tái běi” (Taipei) › 世新大學 “shì xīn dà xué” (Shih Hsin University) › 念書 “niàn shū” (study)  Taipei is in Taiwan › 台北在台灣 tái běi zài tái wān

10.  Install and use Chinese IME.  Use Chinese-English Dictionary. http://www.zdic.net 漢典 http://dict.yodao.com 有道 http://dict.cn/ http://www.zdic.net http://dict.yodao.com http://dict.cn/