1. Chapter Four Meter

2. A Regular Pattern of accented and unaccented beats used in both poetry and music In music, meter is divided into measures (bars) Measure 1 Bar line Measure 2

3. Duple Meter > - | > - | > - 1 2 | 1 2 | 1 2 Bar line 2 beats per measure with an accent on the first beat of each measure Accented beat Unaccented beat Counts

4. Duple Meter Viribus unitis, Marsch, Op. 96 Johann Strauss, Jr.

5. Quadruple Meter 4 beats per measure with a main accent on the first beat of each measure and a secondary accent on the third beat. > - > - | > - > - 1 2 3 4 | 1 2 3 4

6. Quadruple Meter Duke Ellington “Searchin’ ”

7. Triple Meter 3 beats per measure with an accent on the first beat of each measure > - - | > - - 1 2 3 |1 2 3

8. Triple Meter “Old Time Waltz” by Mel’s Polka Stars See if you can feel the triple meter in this clip by watching the dancers.

9. Beat Division (Subdivision) Music most often has two or more notes for each beat; that is, the beat can be subdivided into groupings of 2, 3, or 4. For example, in duple meter, we could have two or four notes for every beat. When we subdivide a beat, we use the syllables “e,” “&,” “uh” as well as the number of the beat to count out the beat and subdivisions. The following example is counted– 1 & 2 e 3 & 4 e | 1 & 2 e & uh 3 e and 4

10. Beat Division (Subdivision) The main subdivisions of a meter can be either— Simple Duple-- 2 or 4 subdivisions per beat CompoundTriple-- 3 or 6 subdivisions per beat

11. Simple Subdivision Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart Eine kleine Nachtmusic

12. Compound Subdivision Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart Horn Concerto No.2 in Eb: Rondo

13. Klezmer Music Eastern European Dance and Celebration Music Klezmorim Performers of Klezmer Ashkenazi Jews Jews who settled in Eastern Europe Klezmer Music

14. Common Klezmer Instruments violin (fiddle) strohfiedel (folk xylophone) tsimbl (hammered dulcimer) flute bass clarinet accordion trumpet tuba drums

15. Klezmer music characteristics Primarily Celebration Music Marches, Dances (duple meter, some triple) Second Genre: Doina Free and rhapsodic (often serving as introduction) Characteristic Sounds wailing sound––weeping; laugh- like sound; sob-like “catch,” especially in the clarinet Maxwell Street Klezmer Band (click on image to watch movie)

16. Klezmer Music Klezmer music has changed over the centuries to reflect new styles and instruments. And today's Klezmer is no exception— “The Klezmorim of Russia”