1. Welcome to Music 1A, Introduction to Western Music Instructor: Ron Dunn (please call me Ron) Please sit in middle section of the room-- keep side seating areas and last three rows clear Silence, put away cell phones--This rule is effective throughout the quarter Laptop computers: Anyone using laptops must sit in first row Important information: Copy this email: dunnron@deanza.edu Copy this URL: http://faculty.deanza.edu/dunnron -- instructor's website including Music 1A course resources Copy this URL: http://www.naxos.comdunnron@deanza.edu http://faculty.deanza.edu/dunnron http://www.naxos.com

2. Introduction, Goals of course: Why Study Music? Music is basic to our lives – Music—vital part of human society – Provides entertainment, emotional release, accompanies activities – Heard everywhere in modern life – Recorded music is a 20 th century innovation-before that time, all music was live

3. Music matters! – Our musics transmit an incredible amount of information to us, provided our antenna are up Aesthetic Historical Expressive Metaphorical Metaphysical Philosophical This class is about raising your musical antennae

4. Sonata in C Major, K. 545: Allegro by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart What is “concert” music? – A complex question… Concert vs. popular… “art,” altruism vs. monetary gain… 2011 © McGraw-Hill Higher Education Concert work is generally longer, with higher information content More melodic, harmonic, formal detail

5. Raising the antennae Perceptive listening enhances enjoyment Knowledge of musical elements enhances perception Is music mere “entertainment?” intellectual cutting edge, On par with art, science, philosophy Music and cultural identity “I’m not into this music…” “this music is boring…”

6. The Remedy Suspend Identity! Become Curious! Engage!

7. The Web of Relationships

8. Thurs, 4/11 Plan for today: Student Information sheets Academic success Review of course requirements, schedule Naxos subscription, Outlines Taking a look at assignments Review of Part 1, Chapter 3, Rhythm – Tempo designations Chapter 1: pitch Chapter 2: performing media

9. Music 1A: Introduction to Music Part I Elements 2011 © McGraw-Hill Higher Education

10. Ch. 3 - Rhythm ~ Flow of music through time ~ Particular arrangement of note lengths Divides music into equal units of time Recurrent pulsation Beat Grouping of beats 2’s & 3’s and strong & weak beats Meter Accent: note is emphasized Accent and Syncopation Syncopation: emphasis placed on an unexpected note or beat

11. Associated with emotional effect The speed of the beat, the pace Tempo Tempo indicated at beginning of piece As with dynamics, Italian terms are used Metronome—indicates exact tempo Molto, non troppo, accelerando, ritardando

12. Ch. 1 - Sound: Pitch, Dynamics, and Tone Color Sound—a miracle! “Touch from afar” Begins as result of a vibrating object Transmitted through a medium - air Our eardrums vibrate, too Impulses sent to brain for processing Music: organization of sounds in time Four main properties of musical sounds PitchTone color DynamicsDuration

13. Determined by frequency of vibration Pitch: Highness or Lowness of Sound Fast vibration=high pitch; slow vibration=low pitch In music, definite pitch is a tone Tones have specific frequencies Interval: distance between 2 tones e.g., 440 cycles (vibrations) per second = A Generally, smaller vibrating objects=higher pitches Irregular vibrations create sounds of indefinite pitch Octave: doubling/halving of frequency Tones an octave apart seem to blend together Western music divides octave into 12 tones Non-western music may divide into different number Range: distance between voice or instrument’s highest & lowest possible tones

14. Relative loudness of a sound Dynamics Related to amplitude of vibration producing sound Accent: tone played louder than tones near it Italian terms used to indicate dynamics Changes in dynamics may be sudden or gradual pianissimo ppvery soft pianop soft mezzo pianomp moderately soft mezzo forte mf moderately loud fortef loud fortissimoffvery loud Extremes: ppp, pppp, fff, ffff Crescendo: gradually louder Decrescendo (diminuendo): gradually softer

15. Quality that distinguishes tones Tone Color – also called timbre Can be bright, dark,, etc. Changes in tone color create variety and contrast Tone colors add a sense of continuity Unlimited variety of tone colors Composers frequently blend sounds of instruments to create new tone colors Modern electronic techniques create new tone colors Specific melodies with specific tone colors

16. Listening Outlines, Vocal Music Guides, and the Properties of Sound Listening Outline - points out notable musical sounds Vocal Music Guide – helps the listener follow the thought, story, or drama * Suggestion: while listening to one passage, look ahead to what is next. Listening Outlines & Vocal Music Guides Helps focus attention on musical events as they occur Preceded by description of the music’s main features

17. Listening The Firebird, Scene 2 (1910) by Igor Stravinsky CD 1:08 Brief Set: CD 1:01 Listening Outline: p. 7 Note: Tone Colors through instrumentation Dynamic contrasts 2011 © McGraw-Hill Higher Education

18. Listening C-Jam Blues (1942) by Duke Ellington and His Famous Orchestra Listening Outline: p. 8 Basic set, CD 1:10 Brief set, CD 1:3 Listen for:Tone Colors Repeated note melody Improvised solos Muted brass instruments