1. Biology EOC Review Questions

2. QUESTION SET 1

3. Question #1 carbohydrates lipids nucleic acids proteins
Fats are classified as which of the following biological organic compounds?
carbohydrates
lipids
nucleic acids
proteins

4. Question #1 carbohydrates lipids nucleic acids proteins
Fats are classified as which of the following biological organic compounds?
carbohydrates
lipids
nucleic acids
proteins

5. Question #2 cell wall mitochondrion plasma membrane vacuole
Some organelles have their own DNA that is distinct from the cell’s nuclear DNA. This is true of which organelle?
cell wall
mitochondrion
plasma membrane
vacuole

6. Question #2 cell wall mitochondrion plasma membrane vacuole
Some organelles have their own DNA that is distinct from the cell’s nuclear DNA. This is true of which organelle?
cell wall
mitochondrion
plasma membrane
vacuole

7. Question #3 carbohydrates lipids nucleic acids proteins
Enzymes are classified as which of the following biological organic compounds?
carbohydrates
lipids
nucleic acids
proteins

8. Question #3 carbohydrates lipids nucleic acids proteins
Enzymes are classified as which of the following biological organic compounds?
carbohydrates
lipids
nucleic acids
proteins

9. Question #4 egg embryo pollen zygote
______in plants is most similar to a sex cell in humans?
egg
embryo
pollen
zygote

10. Question #4 egg embryo pollen zygote
_____in plants is most similar to a sex cell in humans?
egg
embryo
pollen
zygote

11. Question #5 to maintain constant internal environment at a pH of 10
Why do cells need buffering agents (buffers)?
to maintain constant internal environment at a pH of 10
to minimize the changes in pH of the internal environment
to function properly in an extremely basic internal environment
to function properly in an extremely acid internal environment

12. Question #5 to maintain constant internal environment at a pH of 10
Why do cells need buffering agents (buffers)?
to maintain constant internal environment at a pH of 10
to minimize the changes in pH of the internal environment
to function properly in an extremely basic internal environment
to function properly in an extremely acid internal environment

13. Question #6 Water left the grape cells by osmosis.
Placing a grape in a concentrated syrup solution will cause it to shrivel. Which statement best describes what is occurring?
Water left the grape cells by osmosis.
Water entered the cells of the grape by osmosis.
Osmosis caused sugars to enter the grape cells.
Sugars in the grape caused water to leave the cells.

14. Question #6 Water left the grape cells by osmosis.
Placing a grape in a concentrated syrup solution will cause it to shrivel. Which statement best describes what is occurring?
Water left the grape cells by osmosis.
Water entered the cells of the grape by osmosis.
Osmosis caused sugars to enter the grape cells.
Sugars in the grape caused water to leave the cells.

15. Question #7 diffusion facilitated diffusion osmosis active transport
Which cell process will move substances along a concentration gradient, with the help of a carrier protein?
diffusion
facilitated diffusion
osmosis
active transport

16. Question #7 diffusion facilitated diffusion osmosis active transport
Which cell process will move substances along a concentration gradient, with the help of a carrier protein?
diffusion
facilitated diffusion
osmosis
active transport

17. Question #8 enzyme fatty acid lipid starch
Amylase is found in human saliva and breaks down starch into sugar, beginning the process of digestion. Which term best describes amylase?
enzyme
fatty acid
lipid
starch

18. Question #8 enzyme fatty acid lipid starch
Amylase is found in human saliva and breaks down starch into sugar, beginning the process of digestion. Which term best describes amylase?
enzyme
fatty acid
lipid
starch

19. Question #9 aerobic respiration anaerobic respiration chemosynthesis
The bacteria that cause tetanus can survive inside a puncture wound that has healed on the outer surface of the skin. Through what process do these bacteria acquire the energy they need to survive?
aerobic respiration
anaerobic respiration
chemosynthesis
photosynthesis

20. Question #9 aerobic respiration anaerobic respiration chemosynthesis
The bacteria that cause tetanus can survive inside a puncture wound that has healed on the outer surface of the skin. Through what process do these bacteria acquire the energy they need to survive?
aerobic respiration
anaerobic respiration
chemosynthesis
photosynthesis

21. Question #10 anaerobic respiration aerobic respiration fermentation
Which of the following occurs in humans, when oxygen is present?
anaerobic respiration
aerobic respiration
fermentation
photosynthesis

22. Question #10 anaerobic respiration aerobic respiration fermentation
Which of the following occurs in humans, when oxygen is present?
anaerobic respiration
aerobic respiration
fermentation
photosynthesis

23. Question #11 Only aerobic respiration involves fermentation.
Which statement best distinguishes aerobic from anaerobic respiration?
Only aerobic respiration involves fermentation.
Only anaerobic respiration occurs in the mitochondria.
Only aerobic respiration requires oxygen.
Only anaerobic respiration produces carbon dioxide.

24. Question #11 Only aerobic respiration involves fermentation.
Which statement best distinguishes aerobic from anaerobic respiration?
Only aerobic respiration involves fermentation.
Only anaerobic respiration occurs in the mitochondria.
Only aerobic respiration requires oxygen.
Only anaerobic respiration produces carbon dioxide.

25. Question #12
Which most accurately describes the difference in ATP production between aerobic respiration and anaerobic respiration?
Aerobic respiration produces more ATP than anaerobic respiration.
Anaerobic respiration produces more ATP than aerobic respiration.
Only anaerobic respiration produces measureable amounts of ATP.
Anaerobic and aerobic respiration produce the same amount of ATP.

26. Question #12
Which most accurately describes the difference in ATP production between aerobic respiration and anaerobic respiration?
Aerobic respiration produces more ATP than anaerobic respiration.
Anaerobic respiration produces more ATP than aerobic respiration.
Only anaerobic respiration produces measureable amounts of ATP.
Anaerobic and aerobic respiration produce the same amount of ATP.

27. QUESTION SET 2

28. A segment of a DNA strand has the following bases: TAC GAT
Question #1
A segment of a DNA strand has the following bases: TAC GAT
What is the complementary strand of RNA?
UAG CAU
TAG CAT
ATG CTA
AUG CUA

29. A segment of a DNA strand has the following bases: TAC GAT
Question #1
A segment of a DNA strand has the following bases: TAC GAT
What is the complementary strand of RNA?
UAG CAU
TAG CAT
ATG CTA
AUG CUA

30. Question #2 book: publisher truck: factory key: lock baker: pie
Which relationship is most similar to the relationship below?
DNA:mRNA
book: publisher
truck: factory
key: lock
baker: pie

31. Question #2 book: publisher truck: factory key: lock baker: pie
Which relationship is most similar to the relationship below?
DNA:mRNA
book: publisher
truck: factory
key: lock
baker: pie

32. Question #3 replication nondisjunction transcription translation
In order for a protein to be produced, which is the final step necessary?
replication
nondisjunction
transcription
translation

33. Question #3 replication nondisjunction transcription translation
In order for a protein to be produced, which is the final step necessary?
replication
nondisjunction
transcription
translation

34. Question #4 meiosis budding genetic stability genetic variation
Asexual reproduction provides for what to occur?
meiosis
budding
genetic stability
genetic variation

35. Question #4 meiosis budding genetic stability genetic variation
Asexual reproduction provides for what to occur?
meiosis
budding
genetic stability
genetic variation

36. Question #5 genetic variation beneficial environmental adaptations
Which of the following could likely threaten the survival of a species?
genetic variation
beneficial environmental adaptations
a drastic change in the environment
changes in the gene pool due to random mating

37. Question #5 genetic variation beneficial environmental adaptations
Which of the following could likely threaten the survival of a species?
genetic variation
beneficial environmental adaptations
a drastic change in the environment
changes in the gene pool due to random mating

38. Question #6 mitosis meiosis spermatogenesis oogenesis
Which term best describes the type of cell division in which parent cells produce daughter cells with the haploid number of chromosomes as the parent cells?
mitosis
meiosis
spermatogenesis
oogenesis

39. Question #6 mitosis meiosis spermatogenesis oogenesis
Which term best describes the type of cell division in which parent cells produce daughter cells with the haploid number of chromosomes as the parent cells?
mitosis
meiosis
spermatogenesis
oogenesis

40. Question #7 cytoplasmic division environmental changes mutation
What is the primary cause of variation in the offspring of sexually reproducing organisms?
cytoplasmic division
environmental changes
mutation
recombination of alleles

41. Question #7 cytoplasmic division environmental changes mutation
What is the primary cause of variation in the offspring of sexually reproducing organisms?
cytoplasmic division
environmental changes
mutation
recombination of alleles

42. Question #8 meiosis budding mitosis regeneration
Which of the following results in “crossing-over”?
meiosis
budding
mitosis
regeneration

43. Question #8 meiosis budding mitosis regeneration
Which of the following results in “crossing-over”?
meiosis
budding
mitosis
regeneration

44. Question #9 BBxbb Bbxbb BBxBb BbxBb
Several matings between the same male white rat and female brown rat produce all white rats. If white is dominant and brown is recessive, what are the genotypes of the parents?
BBxbb
Bbxbb
BBxBb
BbxBb

45. Question #9 BBxbb Bbxbb BBxBb BbxBb
Several matings between the same male white rat and female brown rat produce all white rats. If white is dominant and brown is recessive, what are the genotypes of the parents?
BBxbb
Bbxbb
BBxBb
BbxBb

46. Question #10
Most sex-linked, recessive traits- including hemophilia and color blindness-appear in males. This phenomenon is best explained by which statement?
Males have an X chromosome with dominant genes.
Most of the genes on the X and Y chromosomes of males are recessive.
In males, the recessive sex-linked genes appear only on the Y chromosome.
In males, the Y chromosome lacks the genes needed to mask the recessive genes on the X chromosome.

47. Question #10
Most sex-linked, recessive traits- including hemophilia and color blindness-appear in males. This phenomenon is best explained by which statement?
Males have an X chromosome with dominant genes.
Most of the genes on the X and Y chromosomes of males are recessive.
In males, the recessive sex-linked genes appear only on the Y chromosome.
In males, the Y chromosome lacks the genes needed to mask the recessive genes on the X chromosome.

48. Question #11
Tay-Sachs is a recessive trait. What are the chances that a child will develop Tay-Sachs disease if one parent is homozygous dominant and the other has the disease?
0 out of 4
1 out of 4
2 out of 4
3 out of 4

49. Question #11
Tay-Sachs is a recessive trait. What are the chances that a child will develop Tay-Sachs disease if one parent is homozygous dominant and the other has the disease?
0 out of 4
1 out of 4
2 out of 4
3 out of 4

50. Question #12 0 red : 4 red and white: 0 white
Some flowers show codominance. If WW = white and RR = red, which phenotypic ratio would be expected in the offspring of two red and white flowers?
1red : 2 red and white: 1 white
0 red : 4 red and white: 0 white
3 red : 0 red and white: 1 white
4 red : 0 red and white: 0 white

51. Question #12 0 red : 4 red and white: 0 white
Some flowers show codominance. If WW = white and RR = red, which phenotypic ratio would be expected in the offspring of two red and white flowers?
1red : 2 red and white: 1 white
0 red : 4 red and white: 0 white
3 red : 0 red and white: 1 white
4 red : 0 red and white: 0 white

52. Question #13 B and O AB and AB AB and O A and B
John and Mary have six children, three with A blood type, two with AB blood type and one with O blood type. What blood types could John and Mary have?
A and O
B and O
AB and AB
AB and O
A and B

53. Question #13 B and O AB and AB AB and O A and B
John and Mary have six children, three with A blood type, two with AB blood type and one with O blood type. What blood types could John and Mary have?
A and O
B and O
AB and AB
AB and O
A and B

54. Question #14
A karyotype of a male would show his 23rd pair as: XO
XXX XY
XYY

55. Question #14
A karyotype of a male would show his 23rd pair as: XO
XXX XY
XYY

56. Question #15 It swam in the ocean. It likely walked on land.
A paleontologist is studying the remnants of a pelvic bone in a whale ancestor. What does this structure likely indicate about the organism?
It was not related to the whale.
It swam in the ocean.
It likely walked on land.
That whales can adapt to land.

57. Question #15 It swam in the ocean. It likely walked on land.
A paleontologist is studying the remnants of a pelvic bone in a whale ancestor. What does this structure likely indicate about the organism?
It was not related to the whale.
It swam in the ocean.
It likely walked on land.
That whales can adapt to land.

58. Question #16 Resources become limited over long periods of time.
Variation within species was important to the development of Darwin’s theory of evolution. Which statement does individual variation help explain?
Resources become limited over long periods of time.
Populations often increase rapidly and without warning.
Competition is fierce among members of different species.
Some organisms survive and reproduce better than others.

59. Question #16 Resources become limited over long periods of time.
Variation within species was important to the development of Darwin’s theory of evolution. Which statement does individual variation help explain?
Resources become limited over long periods of time.
Populations often increase rapidly and without warning.
Competition is fierce among members of different species.
Some organisms survive and reproduce better than others.

60. Question #17 growth of moss on a previously active volcano.
Which of the following best describes secondary succession?
growth of moss on a previously active volcano.
plants sprouting on areas that did not have soil or life before.
new life developing on the ocean floor surface.
shrubs beginning to appear in an area that had experienced a forest fire.

61. Question #17 growth of moss on a previously active volcano.
Which of the following best describes secondary succession?
growth of moss on a previously active volcano.
plants sprouting on areas that did not have soil or life before.
new life developing on the ocean floor surface.
shrubs beginning to appear in an area that had experienced a forest fire.

62. Question #18 similarities in DNA sequences
Which could be considered anatomical evidence of an evolutionary relationship?
similarities in DNA sequences
location of fossils in different strata (rock layers)
similarities between bone structures
presence of identical proteins

63. Question #18 similarities in DNA sequences
Which could be considered anatomical evidence of an evolutionary relationship?
similarities in DNA sequences
location of fossils in different strata (rock layers)
similarities between bone structures
presence of identical proteins

64. Question #19 similarity in behavior similarity in DNA
Which is the best evidence of an evolutionary relationship between two organisms?
similarity in behavior
similarity in DNA
similarity in habitat
similarity in niche

65. Question #19 similarity in behavior similarity in DNA
Which is the best evidence of an evolutionary relationship between two organisms?
similarity in behavior
similarity in DNA
similarity in habitat
similarity in niche

66. QUESTION SET 3

67. Question #1 Animal Fungi Archaebacteria Plant
An organism is prokaryotic, unicellular and can survive in harsh environments. Which of the following is the most likely kingdom to which it belongs?
Animal
Fungi
Archaebacteria
Plant

68. Question #1 Animal Fungi Archaebacteria Plant
An organism is prokaryotic, unicellular and can survive in harsh environments. Which of the following is the most likely kingdom to which it belongs?
Animal
Fungi
Archaebacteria
Plant

69. Question #2 commensalism mutualism parasitism predation
A remora fish attached to the belly of a shark (but not feeding directly from the shark), as seen below, demonstrates which symbiotic relationship?
commensalism
mutualism
parasitism
predation

70. Question #2 commensalism mutualism parasitism predation
A remora fish attached to the belly of a shark (but not feeding directly from the shark), as seen below, demonstrates which symbiotic relationship?
commensalism
mutualism
parasitism
predation

71. Question #3 independent variables dependent variables limiting factors
An experiment is done to test the effects of rising pH on an aquatic ecosystem. The experimenter uses two identical tanks with the same amount and temperature of the water. She only changes the pH by adding acid to one of the tanks. Using the same tanks, water and temperature are examples of:
independent variables
dependent variables
limiting factors
controls

72. Question #3 independent variables dependent variables limiting factors
An experiment is done to test the effects of rising pH on an aquatic ecosystem. The experimenter uses two identical tanks with the same amount and temperature of the water. She only changes the pH by adding acid to one of the tanks. Using the same tanks, water and temperature are examples of:
independent variables
dependent variables
limiting factors
controls

73. Question #4 camouflage a reduced reproduction rate isolation
Which of the following is a natural adaptation acquired by many different species in an attempt to increase their fitness?
camouflage
a reduced reproduction rate
isolation
all of the above

74. Question #4 camouflage a reduced reproduction rate isolation
Which of the following is a natural adaptation acquired by many different species in an attempt to increase their fitness?
camouflage
a reduced reproduction rate
isolation
all of the above

75. Question #5 decreased birth rate and increased death rate
Which situation would result in the greatest decrease in the human population?
decreased birth rate and increased death rate
increased infant mortality and decreased death rate
decreased death rate and increased birth rate
increased birth rate and increased infant mortality

76. Question #5 decreased birth rate and increased death rate
Which situation would result in the greatest decrease in the human population?
decreased birth rate and increased death rate
increased infant mortality and decreased death rate
decreased death rate and increased birth rate
increased birth rate and increased infant mortality

77. Question #6 the ocean water sediments throughout the ocean
In an ocean ecosystem, which is a biotic factor?
the ocean water
sediments throughout the ocean
the flow of current
the coral seen on the ocean floor

78. Question #6 the ocean water sediments throughout the ocean
In an ocean ecosystem, which is a biotic factor?
the ocean water
sediments throughout the ocean
the flow of current
the coral seen on the ocean floor

79. Question #7 cellular respiration decomposition photosynthesis
In the carbon cycle, atmospheric carbon dioxide is converted into organic material by which process?
cellular respiration
decomposition
photosynthesis
transpiration

80. Question #7 cellular respiration decomposition photosynthesis
In the carbon cycle, atmospheric carbon dioxide is converted into organic material by which process?
cellular respiration
decomposition
photosynthesis
transpiration