1. Reproduction and Development
What is reproduction?

2. Petero (from Uganda) Anticipatory Set Kenadie!!!
Please meet:
Petero (from Uganda)
And
Kenadie!!!
What do they have in common??

3. Crouzon Syndrome genetic disorder, skull bones fuse, 1-25,000 are affected*

4.                                                                 
Meet Kenadie!
Kenadie 3yrs.old
Tyran 18mths.
Primodial
dwarfism

5. Reproduction To make more of its own kind:
A) asexual – 1 parent, identical offspring
B) sexual – 2 parents, NOT identical offspring

6. What is a chromosome? Contains genetic information
Made of genes which are made of DNA
Chr. genes  DNA
Let’s look at the structure: chromatid, centromere, double stranded chromosome

8. CHROMATIN thin uncoilded strands of DNA

11. CHROMATID each side of chromosome

12. HOMOLOGOUS CHROMOSOME the same shape and size carry genes for same traits

14. Karyotype What gender is this individual?

15. What can you tell me about this karyotype?

16. Mouse Karyotype

17. Diagnosis the individual…

18. DIPLOID cells with TWO sets of chromosomes (2n)

19. Haploid only ONE set of chromosomes (n)

20. Cell Cycle

21. Cell Cycle!

22. What is Mitosis?
Cell division by nuclear duplication (exact copy) and cytoplasmic division
Occurs through phases….

23. What are the phases (stages) of mitosis?
Interphase: (not considered the first phase)
Resting stage
Chromosomes duplicate
Growth
Longest phase

24. Prophase Nuclear membrane begins to disappear Nucleolus disappears
Spindle fibers begin to
form
Chromosome visible
Under microscope!

25. Metaphase Chromosomes line up in middle Spindle fibers attach
Centrioles on opposite ends (centrioles not present in plant
Cell!

26. Anaphase Chromosomes separate Centromere duplicate
Spindle fibers shorten

27. Telophase Membrane begins to pinch in Cytoplasm divides
Daughter cells form (identical)
Reappearance of nuclear membrane, centrosome, etc.

28. Cytokinesis Cytoplasm divides forming the cleavage furrow.
Plant cell forms cell plate only!

29. !

30. mitosis *

31. Under the microscope !

32. Plant cell mitosis
Identify the parts…

33. Difference in Plants
NO CENTRIOLES
FORMS CELL PLATE!!

34. Meiosis
What is meiosis?
Why do we need to learn about it??

35. Meisosis !

36. Mitosis and Meiosis

37. Spermatogenesis

38. Oogenesis

39. What are the different forms of asexual reproduction?
1. binary fission
2. budding
3. spore formation
4. regeneration
5. vegetative propagation

40. Binary Fission
Equal division
A) paramecium
B) ameba

41. Budding Unequal cytoplasmic division A) yeast B) hydra
Produces many buds
Also reproduces sexually

42. Budding

43. Sporulation Spore formation A) bread mold
Spores: released by parent, good condition the develop, protective wall to prevent drying of protoplasm
Hypha, mycelium (spores), rhizoids

44. Bread Mold

45. Bread Mold
YUM!!

46. Regeneration Growing back of missing parts A) starfish
B) planaria (flatworm
(we can’t regenerate due to “differentiated cells”)
ex: we can’t grow a finger back!

47. Starfish Regeneration
OUCH!

48. Vegetative Propagation
Type of regeneration in plants from roots, stems or leaves
A) Natural Vegetative Propagation
1. bulbs – onions, raddish (roots)
2. tubers – potatoes (stems)
3. runners – strawberries, ivy

49. Natural Vegetative Propagation*

50. Artificial Vegetative Propagation
1. cuttings
2. grafting