1. OLED Summit Preview San Francisco September 27-29
Barry Young,
CEO, Young Market Research (YMR)
Managing Director, OLED Association
April 15, 2017

2. OLED Association
Promote the development and commercialization of OLED products
Foster the development and use of OLED-specific performance standards
Serve as a source of OLED industry information for the media and financial community
Copyright © 2010 YMR, · All Worldwide Rights Reserved · Confidential

3. Young Market Research (YMR)
Products
Quarterly High Brightness LED Supply and Supply/Demand
20 Year Projection for Solid State Lighting (SSL) LED Material Report (under construction)
OLED Lighting Report (under construction)

4. The Inflection Point
AMOLED’s Incredible Growth in 2011 and 2012
In 2009, there was only 1 AMOLED Fab operating in MP with 26K substrates starts/month. By the end of the 2012, there will be at least 7 Fabs from 4 different suppliers.Two of the fabs will be Gen 5.5 (1300x1500 mm). Capacity will grow to 260K substrates/month
Super AMOLED from Samsung, with Integrated Touch
S.S. Kim, SID Seminar in May, 2010 SMD’s goal is 600m 700m smartphone displays by 2015
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5. OLED Technology

6. TFT LCD Vs. AMOLED Display
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7. A Word About Substrate Sizes
x920
2011
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8. AMOLED Pixel Architecture
Technical Status of OLED backplanes,
LTPS with excimer lasers similar to LTPS LCDs but OLEDs require a 2 TFT, 1 Capacitor Design, while LCDs use 1 TFT and 1 capacitor
Compensation, 4 to 5 TFTs are added to compensate for non-uniformity
Major difference is that the 2nd TFT (Dr.) has a duty cycle of over 90%
a-Si used by most LCDs is susceptible to Vth changes as it heats up and has not been used to drive AMOLEDs, although there are compensation approaches that are being tested
The capital expense for LTPS used in the array process is ~2X the capital cost of a-Si, the TACT is longer and the yields are lower
VDD
Vdata CS
Sel
Sw.
Dr.
OLED
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9. Backplanes
Excimer laser size are currently limited to 4th Gen with a beam length of ~450 x 4 mm . Companies such as JSW and TCZ are developing beam lengths as long a ~800 mm to support 6th Gen Fabs
Primary alternatives to LTPS include:
a-Si with compensation
Super Grain Silicon (SGS)
Solid Phase Crystallization (SPC)
Oxide TFTs
C TFTs
cSi TFTs
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10. Deposition & Patterning
New Techniques Required to Scale the Process
Making finely patterned sub-pixels with small molecule material requires the use of vacuum thermal evaporation using a fine metal mask, where the substrate and mask are held in a horizontal position
Size limits are defined by the sagging of the mask
To achieve > 200 ppi, AMOLEDs utilize Pentile technology, which reduces the pixel size from 3 sub pixels to 2 sub-pixels/pixel. To scale beyond ½ 4th Gen, VTE must be changed from positioning the substrate horizontally to holding vertically as implemented by Tokki, Ulvac, Sunic and AMAT
New approaches include the use of CNT by Unidym and nanowires by Cambrios
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11. Patterning Options Alternative approaches include:
Polymers and small molecule in solution which can be printed
Laser induced thermal imaging (LITI) as developed by 3M and SMD
Eliminating patterning by using white material with a color filter
The most likely for the Gen 5.5 is vertically held substrates
Beyond Gen 5.5 some form of printing will be required
Ink Jet – Panasonic, Epson
Slot – DuPont
Roll to roll process – VTT, Fraunhofer
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12. Performance Impact Comparing Performance: AMOLEDs vs. TFT LCDs
OLED Performance will be a differentiator for high end TVs; especially in 3D, sports and movies because of the viewing angle, the fast response time, and gray scale performance
OLED TVs are likely to compete with Full LED backlighting and 3D LCDs. LG Display’s 31” TV supports both 2D and 3D viewing
OLED panels will use ~ ½ the power of LED backlit panels, but the same for the TV components, so the difference for TVs will be 25% to 30%.
OLEDs recreate the lower gray levels better than LCDs, which is a differentiator in video, where the average color saturation is ~20%
Longer term AMOLED TVs cost should cost less than LCDs and cause most manufacturers to switch technologies
OLEDs will be challenged to compete in bright ambient conditions
Differential aging could be a factor unless material lifetimes improve by at least 2X
The issue of image burn-in, which has not been an problem for smartphones, may require attention due when news tickers are considered
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13. OLED vs. TFT LCD Comparison
Source: YMR
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14. Production Capacity

15. Production … Production Plans SMD LG Display AUO CMI Chinese
Gen 4 730x920 mm Q4’07 Small/Medium
Gen x1500mm Q3’11 Small/Medium
LG Display
Gen 4 730x920 mm Q3’10 Small/Medium
Gen x1500mm Q3’11 Small/Medium & Large Area TVs
AUO
Gen x720 Q1’11 Small/Medium
Gen 4 730x Q1’11 Small/Medium
CMI
Gen x720 Q1’08 Small/Medium
Chinese
(Visionox, Rainbow, BOE…) Q1’11 Small/Medium
Gen 4
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16. 31” AMOLED TV From LG Display
AMOLED TVs
2007
11” XEL-1 from Sony
2009
15” 15EL9500 from LG Display
2011
31” AMOLED TV From LG Display

17. What Did the Sony XEL-1 Prove
Proven
Visually Superior than any other TV
Thin Form Factor – Desirable
High Contrast Ratio Differentiating
Unbelievable Dark Levels
Speed Matters
Not Proven
OLED Manufacturing Scales
30” + OLED TVs are possible at competitive pricing
Performance in terms of lifetime, viewing angle, ambient contrast ratio are at acceptable levels
OLEDs use less power than LCDs
NY Times – OLED TVs make traditional TVs seem as if you are looking through a fine screen
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18. TFT LCDs Continue to Improve
Source: AUO
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19. AMOLED Pixel Efficacy White OLED Pixel Efficacy Target @ 180 lm/W
Source:Universal Display
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20. Assumptions for Calculating Power
TFT LCD
AMOLED
Light Source
Units
LED
OLED
Efficacy
lm/W
175
120
Aperture
Sub-pixel fill factor
Ratio
70%
~100%
Voltage losses in
backplane NA
50%
Polarizer Efficiency
50% NA
Color Filter
Efficiency
~50%
0%/60%
Backlight Dimming
Saving
50% NA
IR Losses in
Backplane NA
10%
Source:AUO/Universal Display
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21. 32” TV Power Projections Source: AUO/Universal Display/YMR 5 10 15 205 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45
Display
Display +
Electronics TV
2013
2016
Power (W)
-80%
-60%
-40%
-20% 0%
20%
40%
Difference
TFT LCD TV
AMOLED TV
Source: AUO/Universal Display/YMR
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22. 32” Panel ASPs Source: YMR 500 50% 450 45% 400 40% 350 35% 300 30%
ASP (US$)
250
25%
Price Premium
200
20%
150
15%
100
10% 50 5% 0%
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
32" 1080p CCFL
32" 1080 LED Edge
32" 1080 LED Back
32" OLED 1920 x 1080
OLED Premium vs. Edge
OLED Premium vs. Back
Source: YMR
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23. PMOLED Displays PMOLED Display Status
Category/Growth
2009
2010
2011
2012
Units (000)
77,825
73,952
70,271
66,775
Y/Y Growth Units
-5%
Revenue US$000)
379,628
332,788
291,728
249,715
Y/Y Growth Revenue
-12%
-14%
PMOLED Display Status
The first OLED displays were produced by Pioneer in 1998
At its peak, there were over 20 PMOLED suppliers in US, Europe and Asia
Key applications were sub-displays and MP3 players
Maximum Size – 2”
PMOLEDs are still popular in China
Major Suppliers are
RiTdisplay
Pioneer
Visionox
TDK
PMOLED Manufacturing – Forms the basis of Lighting
Copyright © 2010 YMR, · All Worldwide Rights Reserved · Confidential

24. OLED Lighting
Source: Ingo Maurer

25. LED Replacement -- Fluorescent
Replacement vector:
Discounted cash flow for commercial, industrial, outdoor
Price differential for residential
Other factors – government subsidies, legislative action
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
LEDs required per luminaire 69 53 42 35 29 25
LED cost 86 66 53 44 33 28
LED as % of BOM
50%
45%
40%
35%
35%
35%
LED luminaire ASP
173
152
139
137
107 91
Luminaire Direct Subsidy
Effective LED luminaire ASP
173
152
139
137
107 91
Effective LED repl. Lamp ASP
155
136
125
123 97 82
Electricity cost 45 36 29 25 21 19
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
Output (lm) 80
100
120
140
160
180
Power (W)
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
Lumens per W 80
100
120
140
160
180
Luminaire Efficiency
62%
65%
68%
71%
74%
77%
Source: YMR
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26. FL Lamp Shipment Forecast and Penetration
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
New Luminaires (m) 0%
50%
100%
150%
200%
250%
300%
350%
400%
450%
500%
Total Traditional
1872.6
2178.7
2493.9
2818.1
3149.2
3429.3
3633.8
3813.6
3921.9
4033.5
4148.2
Total SSL
1.8
3.8
5.9
8.6
14.1
80.7
233.4
421.5
692.0
970.7
1258.0
Share SSL
0.1%
0.2%
0.3%
0.4%
2.3%
6.0%
10.0%
15.0%
19.4%
23.3%
Growth SSL
109%
58%
44%
65%
472%
189%
81%
64%
40%
30%
Growth Traditional
16%
14%
13%
12% 9% 6% 5% 3%
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
Source: YMR
Copyright © 2010 YMR, · All Worldwide Rights Reserved · Confidential

27. Fluorescent vs. LED Source: DOE
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28. OLED Lighting Current Status
>15 companies developing prototypes and pilot lines, including
Philips – Small Molecule --Fluorescent/Phosphorescent
Osram Opto -- Small Molecule --Fluorescent/Phosphorescent
GE – Solution Based Phosphorescent, R-T-R
Panasonic -- Small Molecule --Fluorescent/Phosphorescent
Konica Minolta -- Solution Based Phosphorescent, R-T-R
Lumiotec -- Small Molecule --Fluorescent/Phosphorescent
Zumtobel/Thorne Lighting/Ledon/Fraunhofer – Polymer Based
Mitsubishi/Pioneer -- Small Molecule --Fluorescent/Phosphorescent, 2nd Gen Fab
Moser Baer -- Small Molecule –Phosphorescent
Samsung -- Small Molecule –Phosphorescent, 2nd Gen Fab
LG -- Small Molecule –Phosphorescent
ModisTech – Polymer, R-T-R
NEC Lighting -- Small Molecule --Fluorescent/Phosphorescent
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29. OLED Lighting … OLED Demonstrations ModisTech Challenges are
Acuity Brands
Osram Opto
Philips
Thorne Lighting GE
WAC
ModisTech
Challenges are
Get Costs Down to <$100 per meter
Get luminance up to 3000 to 4000 cd/m2 (displays at 500 cd/m2)
Increase lifetime at 3000 to 4000 cd/m2 from 30k hrs to >50K hrs
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30. Sample Demonstrators Mitsubishi Panel features: Schedule
Size: 14 cm*14 cm
Efficiency (typical): 28 lm/w
Types of materials: small molecular OLED (as emitter)
Types of lighting: Planar thin OLED Lighting, partially using solution OLED,
Color temperature tunable (2700K-6500K), and RGB color tunable
Lifetime(LT70, typical): 8000 hrs
CRI (typical): 80 (R9=66)
OLED lighting panels will use printable OLED as under layer (=Hole injection layer)
Schedule
Samples – 2010 MP
Source: Mitsubishi
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31. Sample Demonstrators …
Osram Panel features:
Size: 88 mm diameter x 2.1 mm
Efficiency (typical): 23 lm/w
Types of materials: small molecular OLED (as emitter)
Color temperature tunable (2580K-3320K), and RGB color tunable
Luminance – 1, mA
Lifetime(LT70 typical): 8000 hrs
CRI (typical): 75
Schedule -- Shipping
Source: Osram
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32. Sample Demonstrators …
Lumiotec Panel features:
Size: 14.5 cm diameter x 14.5 cm x 2.3 mm
Efficiency (typical): ~25 lm/W
Types of materials: small molecular OLED (as emitter)
Luminance – 4,000 cd/m2
Lifetime(LT50 typical): ~4,000 4,000 cd/m2
CRI (typical): 80
Schedule -- Shipping
Source: Lumiotec
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33. Sample Demonstrators …
Philips Panel features:
Size: 11.9 cm x 3.7 cm x 2.3 mm
Efficiency (typical): ~15 lm/W
Types of materials: small molecular OLED (as emitter)
Color temperature tunable (3,200 K), and RGB color tunable
Luminance – 3,000 cd/m2
Lifetime(LT50 typical): ~10,000 1,000 cd/m2
CRI (typical): 80
Schedule – Q4’10
Source: Philips
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34. Sample Prototypes Konica Minolta Panel features: Schedule – 2011
Size: 15.0 cm diameter x 15.0 cm x 1.5 mm
Efficiency (typical): ~64 lm/W
Types of materials: phosphorescent OLED (as emitter)
Luminance – 1,000 cd/m2
Lifetime(LT50 typical): ~10,000 1,000 cd/m2
CRI (typical): NA
Schedule – 2011
Source: Konica Minolta
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35. OLED Lighting Primary Market
Currently, OLED lighting is limited to demonstration programs and decorative/architectural lighting.
Future – 3 to 5 years away
Fluorescent Luminaire Replacements
Integrated into acoustic ceiling tiles
Compete with LEDs
Source: Osram Opto
Source: Lumiotec
Source: Lumiotec
Source: Acuity Brands
Source: General Electric
Source: Philips
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36. Lighting Technology Performance
Characteristic
Units
Incandescent
Fluorescent
LED
OLED
Cool White
Efficacy
lm/W 17
100
56-79
Warm white
80 Cool White
CRI
1 to 100
100
80-85
90 warm White
70-95
Long or
Diffuse thin
Point Source, high
Form Factor
Bulb
compact gas
source, flexible,
intensity lamp
filled glass tube
transparent
Lifetime (L70)
K hours 1 20
50-70
10-30
Efficiency
Efficiency
Efficiency
Dimming
Decreases
Decreases
Efficiency Increases
Increases
Noise No
Yes No No
Switching Lifetime
Poor
Poor
Excellent
Excellent
Color Tunable No No
Yes
Yes
Source: YMR
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37. OLED Materials

38. 2009 Material Performance
Small Molecule Lifetime (t50) Efficacy (cd/A) Source
Red (PH) K – 28 Universal
Green (PH) K – 69 Universal
Blue (FL) 25K - 50K Idemitsu
@ 1,000 cd/m2
Polymer Lifetime (t50) Efficacy (cd/A) Source
Red K – 31 CDT
Green K – 50 CDT
Blue 8K - 26K CDT
Efficacy and Lifetime Increasing at CAGR of 10% to 25%
Source: UDC, CDT, Idemitsu Kosan
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39. Organic Materials Light Emitting Hosts and Dopants
Cambridge Display Technology – Polymers
DuPont – Solution Based Small Molecule Phosphorescent
Idemitsu Kosan – Small Molecule Fluorescent
Merck – Polymers, Small Molecule
Universal Display – Small Molecule Phosphorescent
DS Himetal -- Small Molecule
Injectors/Transporters
BASF
Dow Chemical
H.C. Starck Group
LG Chemical
Merck
Nippon Steel Chemical Co., Ltd.
Nissan Chemical Industries
Novaled – P/N Doping
Plextronics
Copyright © 2010 YMR, · All Worldwide Rights Reserved · Confidential

40. Future for OLEDs

41. Beyond 2012 SMD looking to 8th Gen (~2200 x 2500) for TV application
Challenges
TFT backplane scaling
Gen 5.5 is simply and extension of Gen 4 technology
May not work for Gen 8
Could require new active material
OLED Deposition and Patterning
Will require new approach
LITI
Printing
Current Target – 2012 –2013
Panasonic announced 40” AMOLED TV using printing technology by 2012/2013
AUO likely to add capacity for large area in 2012/2013
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42. New Technology OLEDs – New Levels of Design
Transparent –Permit > 70% transmissivity, allowing products such as see-through monitors
Flexible – conformable, curved, rolled are all possible; e.g. conformed to the body, rolled up displays, lighting in various shapes .
Multicolor – Lighting that can change color on demand
Source: Sony
Source: UDC
Source: Osram
Source: SMD
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43. Beyond 2012 …
Chinese Will Enter the Market. Companies planning to build AMOLED Fabs include:
Visionox
Currently producing 600k PMOLEDs on 2nd Gen (370x470)
2011/2012 – Building 4th Gen Fab for AMOLEDS
BOE
Largest TFT LCD Producer in China
Planning 4th Gen AMOLED Fab for small/medium displays
Purchased land for the Fab
IRICO
Assigned by Chinese Government as a major AMOLED Supplier
Reportedly received $100M+ Grant from government
Seeking to buy 4th Gen Fab from Korea or Japan
Tienma – Hired former senior manager from AUO’s AMOLED group
Rainbow Group
Investing 4.96b yuan
Subsidized by Chinese government
Planning on a 4th Gen AMOLED Fab
Will break ground on a facility in October
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44. Summary
SMD, LG Display and AUO have strong financial commitments to the production of AMOLED Displays
Wild cards for 2012
Panasonic
AUO – Large Area (TVs)
Sony
SMD – 8th Gen
China 3 or 4 4th Gen in 2011
Expect triple digit growth for AMOLEDs as SMD expands and LG Display and AUO enter the market
PMOLED Model is no longer sustainable; resources could be transferred.sold to OLED lighting
OLED lighting is 3-5 years away from MP and could compete with LEDs for replacing fluorescent technology
Copyright © 2010 YMR, · All Worldwide Rights Reserved · Confidential

45. OLED Summit September 27-29 San Francisco http://www. oledsworldsummit
OLED Summit September San Francisco Register before September 25 and receive a $100 discount
Questions: