1. Political, Economic Social, and Military

2.   Federal Gov. Assumed supreme authority  No state threatened secession again if disliked policy  State’s rights issue did not disappear, but changed  State or Fed. Right to determine use of local resources  Greatly increased Fed. Power  Before little impact on daily lives  Civil war:  laws more control over individuals  Est. Income Tax  Accept Paper Currency  Draft Political Effects

3.   Subsidized businesses  National Bank Act 1863 – system of federally chartered banks  Requirement of loans, bank inspections to make safe for investors  Change in Industries  Flourished: firearms, wool, wagon, coal, iron  Declined: cotton  Northern Suppliers grew rich, ability to invest after war  North production drastic growth  Ie. More coal, iron, ships than entire country in 1960 North Economic Effects

4.   End of labor system  40% of livestock gone  Farm machinery gone  Railroads gone  Thousands of uncultivated acreage of farmland  Drastic gap between North and South  Ie. Before war, south had 30% after 12%  Ie. 1860 earned 70% of what North earned, after 1870 earned less than 40%!!!! South Economic Effects

5.   360,000 Union and 260,000 Confederates died  275,000 Union and 260,000 Confederates wounded  Reintegrate back into society difficult Social Effects

7.   360,000 Union and 260,000 Confederates died  275,000 Union and 260,000 Confederates wounded  Reintegrate back into society difficult  Soldiers fighting for 4 years = no education, occupation, family life  $20 Billion spent on war = high fed. Budget for 20+ years  13 th Amendment passed in 1865  In South – eventual development of Jim Crow Social Effects

8.   Invention of Rifle and Minie Ball  More accurate, more rounds, more damage  Mass assaults no longer effective, Horses no longer important  Ie. Pickett’s Charge  = development of TRENCH WARFARE  Use of hand grenades and land mines  Ironclad ships  Famous Civil War Ironclads – Merrimack and Monitor Military Effects