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Unit 4: Enlightenment and the Revolutions
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Mr. Mizell
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Unit 4 Vocabulary, Copy Down Revolution – a drastic change in the political and social organization of a country Enlightenment – political movement that supported the power of individuals Rationalism – relying on reason and science Tolerance – being fair and objective to differing views or people Inalienable – not able to be taken away.
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Unit 4 Vocabulary, Copy Down Constitution – political laws and ideas that govern a nation Absolutism – belief that all power rests with a monarch who has a divine right to rule by God. Constitutional Monarchy – a monarchy where the ruler’s power is limited by a constitution Republic – type of government where power is in the hands of representatives elected by the people Laissez-faire – Government keep “hands off” the economy/business
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http://www.youtube.com/watch?v =zHUWP9zu4W8
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EQ: How did the Scientific Revolution change the way people viewed the world?
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Historical Change Renaissance – Curiosity, Secularism, Realism Reformation – Challenge the way we think about God Age of Exploration – Explored world. Now, time to explore Universe Scientific Revolution – How people view their place in the universe; explore universe/science
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Old Views Geocentric Theory - Earth was center of universe, did not move God made it special Everything (sun, planets )revolved around it Stars were fixed (did not move)
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Why Believe this? Greek philosophers said this Catholic Church teaches this – most believe it
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What was the Scientific Revolution? A new way of thinking about the natural world and universe (using rationalism and mathematics)
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New Scientific Ideas
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Heliocentric Theory Nicolas Copernicus, astronomer Says Earth and planets revolve around the Sun (in the center) in circles
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Orbits of Planets Johannes Kepler, astronomer Used mathematical formulas to understand planets’ orbits Planets move in ellipses (oval shape)
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Telescopes & Gravity Galileo Discovered Jupiter’s moons with telescope Gravity - Objects fall at same rate
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Scientific Method A logical procedure for gathering and testing ideas Not enough to think about something. You need to Experiment and test your hypothesis
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Natural Laws Set forth by Isaac Newton Says universe is linked by Natural Laws such as gravity Universe works perfectly like a clock God was creator of orderly universe
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Overall effects of the Scientific Revolution Catholic Church becomes defensive Protestants are more open to Science People begin to use reason and logic Less tradition - more science
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Directions Work on Scientific Revolution Document Analysis silently Work or read silently when finished
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