1. PLATE TECTONICS http://volcano.und.edu/vwdocs/vwlessons/plate_tectonics/introduction.html

3. Continental Crust Cooling rate Crystal size Density Composition Thickness http://www.amonline.net.au/geoscience/images/earth_diagrams/cont_oceanic_crust.gif

4. Oceanic Crust Cooling rate Crystal size Density Composition Thickness http://faculty.weber.edu/bdattilo/parks/plume_ocean.jpg

5. Lithosphere/Asthenosphere

7. Tectonic Plate is a rigid piece of lithosphere floating on a partially plastic substrate (asthenosphere).

9. Pangea http://geology.csupomona.edu/drjessey/class/Gsc101/Plate.html

10. http://www.enchantedlearning.com/subjects/dinosaurs/glossary/Pangaea.shtml

12. Evidence for Plate Tectonics Continents ‘fit’ together

15. Evidence for Plate Tectonics Continents ‘fit’ together Fossil evidence

19. Evidence for Plate Tectonics Continents fit together Fossil distribution Glacier evidence: deposits, striations

22. Evidence for Plate Tectonics Continents fit together Fossil distribution Glacier evidence: deposits, striations Climate distribution

23. Location of Trenches, Ridges, Mountains http://geology.csupomona.edu/drjessey/class/Gsc101/Plate.html

25. Evidence for Plate Tectonics Continents fit together Fossil distribution Glacier evidence: deposits, striations Climate distribution Location of mountain ridges, rifts, mid-ocean ridges, trenches

26. Testing the Sea-Floor Spreading Hypothesis

27. Magnetization http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/geology/tecmech.html

32. Evidence for Plate Tectonics Continents fit together Fossil distribution Glacier evidence: deposits, striations Climate distribution Location of mountain ridges, rifts, mid-ocean ridges, trenches Magnetic pattern of rock

33. Same Age Rocks http://geology.csupomona.edu/drjessey/class/Gsc101/Plate.html

34. Evidence for Plate Tectonics Continents fit together Fossil distribution Glacier evidence: deposits, striations Climate distribution Location of mountain ridges, rifts, mid-ocean ridges, trenches Magnetic pattern of rock Common rock formations: same age

35. Volcano http://cgz.e2bn.net/e2bn/leas/c99/schools/cgz/accounts/staff/rchambers/GeoBytes%20GCSE%20Bl og%20Resources/Images/Plate%20Tectonics/Plate%20Tectonics/VolcanoStructure.jpg

36. Earthquake http://news.bbc.co.uk/nol/shared/spl/hi/world/04/earthquake/img/earthquake.gif

37. Ring of Fire http://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/dynamic/understanding.html

38. The Hawaiian - Emperor Volcanic Chain

39. LOCATION OF HOT SPOTS

40. Evidence for Plate Tectonics Continents fit together Fossil distribution Glacier evidence: deposits, striations Climate distribution Location of mountain ridges, rifts, mid-ocean ridges, trenches Common rock formations: same age Magnetic pattern of rock Location of earthquakes and volcanoes

41. How does it work?

42. Wegener’s Continental Drift

43. Wegener’s Theory Problems 1)Continents plowing through the crust would destroy the crust 2)Continents are not moving apart at the speed Wegener proposed

44. Didn’t have a good explanation of the mechanism involved

45. Holme’s Convection Currents

46. Convection currents Gravity causes the heated mantle to sink The mantle heats up near the core and then rises again Conduction is the transfer of heat between 2 materials in direct contact with each other library.thinkquest.org/C003124/images/convect.jpg http://www.wisc-online.com/objects/index_tj.asp?objID=SCE304 Click animation

47. Movement of mantle by convection allows melting and force to move plates

48. CONVECTION

49. http://geology.csupomona.edu/drjessey/class/Gsc101/Plate.html

50. Hot Spots – Hawaiian Islands http://geology.com/nsta/plate-tectonics-cover.gif

51. Evidence for Convection

52. Sea-Floor Spreading Hypothesis by Hess & Deitz CLICK Animation: http://www.uwsp.edu/geo/faculty/ritter/glossary/s_u/sea_flr_spread.html

53. SEA FLOOR SPREADING

54. SUBDUCTION

55. Types of Plate Boundaries

56. Plate Boundary Transform, Divergent & Convergent http://www.ifa.hawaii.edu/~barnes/ast110_06/tprai/Tectonic_plate_boundaries.png SIMULATIONS ON ALL BOUNDARY TYPES CLICK http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/aso/tryit/tectonics/shockwave.htmlhttp://www.pbs.org/wgbh/aso/tryit/tectonics/shockwave.html

57. CONVERGENT BOUNDARIES

58. Types of Plate Boundaries Convergent boundaries

59. Convergent Boundary Oceanic & Continental http://geology.com/nsta/plate-tectonics-cover.gif CLICK http://geology.com/nsta/convergent-boundary-oceanic-continental.gifhttp://geology.com/nsta/convergent-boundary-oceanic-continental.gif

60. Andes Mountains Convergent Oceanic & Continental blue.utb.edu/paullgj/images/Conv_Cont_Ocean.JPG CLICK http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/aso/tryit/tectonics/convergent.htmlhttp://www.pbs.org/wgbh/aso/tryit/tectonics/convergent.html

61. Convergent Boundary Oceanic & Oceanic http://geology.com/nsta/convergent-boundary-oceanic-oceanic.gif

62. Japan or Aleutian Islands Convergent Oceanic & Oceanic ceeps.colostate-pueblo.edu/.../smM1P1Fig15.gif

63. Convergent Boundary Continental & Continental http://geology.com/nsta/convergent-boundary.gif

64. Himalayas Convergent Continental & Continental CLICK Convergent Simulation http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/aso/tryit/tectonics/crush.html

65. DIVERGENT PLATES

66. Types of Plate Boundaries Convergent Boundaries Divergent Boundaries

67. Divergent Boundary Oceanic Sea-floor spreading, Mid-Ocean Ridges CLICK http://geology.com/nsta/divergent-boundary-oceanic.gifhttp://geology.com/nsta/divergent-boundary-oceanic.gif

68. Mid Atlantic Ridge Divergent Oceanic http://www.odp.usyd.edu.au/odp_CD/sr/images/textpics/Fig7.gif DIVERGENT SIMULATIONS CLICK http://geology.com/plate-tectonics.shtmlhttp://geology.com/plate-tectonics.shtml CLICK http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/aso/tryit/tectonics/divergent.htmlhttp://www.pbs.org/wgbh/aso/tryit/tectonics/divergent.html

69. Divergent Boundary Continental Rift Valley http://geology.com/nsta/divergent-boundary-continental.gif

70. Mid Atlantic Ridge Divergent Oceanic http://www.odp.usyd.edu.au/odp_CD/sr/images/textpics/Fig7.gif DIVERGENT SIMULATIONS CLICK http://geology.com/plate-tectonics.shtmlhttp://geology.com/plate-tectonics.shtml CLICK http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/aso/tryit/tectonics/divergent.htmlhttp://www.pbs.org/wgbh/aso/tryit/tectonics/divergent.html

71. TRANSFORM BOUNDARIES

72. Types of Plate Boundaries Convergent boundaries

73. Transform Boundary TRANSFORM SIMUALTIONS CLICK http://geology.com/nsta/transform-boundary.gifhttp://geology.com/nsta/transform-boundary.gif CLICK http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/aso/tryit/tectonics/transform.htmhttp://www.pbs.org/wgbh/aso/tryit/tectonics/transform.htm

74. San Andreas Fault Transform Boundary www.wiley.com/college/herenow/ptect/pt-map1.gif

75. Types of Plate Boundaries Convergent Boundaries Divergent Boundaries Transform Boundaries

76. http://geology.csupomona.edu/drjessey/class/Gsc101/Plate.html

77. Location of Plate Boundaries

79. Seven Major Plates Pacific North American South American African Eurasian Antarctic Indo-Australian

80. External Energy For Earth Sun & Moon keeps air and sea in motion, shapes surface Sun warms atmosphere & crust unevenly creating winds Winds drive ocean currents and water cycle Erosion from winds, rains, rivers, glaciers, and waves shape surface Weathering from winds and rains Sun & Moon Gravitational Energy, produces tides Planetesimal collisions

81. Internal Energy for Earth Radioactive element decay Core heat from layers pressure Convection currents Volcanoes Hot Springs Earthquakes