1. Egypt’s Old Kingdom

2. Old Kingdom Rulers Pharaohs Egyptian kings Live in grand palaces
An all powerful ruler who guided Egypt’s every activity
Appointed officials to carry out their wishes

3. Why did Egyptians willingly serve their Pharaoh?
They believed the unity of the kingdom depended on a strong leader.
They considered the Pharaoh to be the son of Re, the Egyptian sun god.

4. Review
The Egyptians willingly served their all-powerful leader because they believed
Unity came from a strong leader
The leader was the son of Re
The leader’s wealth meant power
Both A and B

5. Review Define the term Pharaoh A body wrapped in long strips of linen
A god or goddess
Another name for an Egyptian king

6. Egypt’s Religion
Egyptians worshiped many deities, or gods and goddesses.
The Egyptians studied the Book of the Dead to learn how to obtain life after death.

7. Embalming / Mummification
Embalming was a process used in Egyptian royal burials.
Embalming was used to prepare the pharaoh’s body for the afterlife
After embalming was complete, the body was wrapped in long strips of linen (Mummy).

8. Egyptian Medicine
Egyptians learned much about the human body because of embalming
They used herbs and drugs for illnesses
They sewed wounds and set broken bones
They were the first specialists in medicine

9. Magic spells needed to gain life after death
Many gods
Magic spells needed to gain life after death
Egyptian Beliefs
Hopeful view of life after death
For centuries, believed only the elite had afterlife
Pharaoh needed body for afterlife

10. Review
Ancient Egyptians studied the ________ to learn how to obtain life after death.
Book of Spells
Book of the Dead
Book of Life after Death

11. Review
The ancient Egyptian civilization was the first to have specialists in the field of
Mathematics
Astronomy
Medicine
irrigation

12. Review Define Mummy A mountain like stone structure used as a tomb.
A body wrapped in long strips of linen
A process used in Egyptian royal burials

13. Review Define embalming A mountain like structure used as a tomb
A body wrapped in ling strips of linen
A process used in Egyptian royal burials

14. Pyramids Pyramids are mountain like structures made entirely of stone
They were tombs built to protect the bodies of the dead pharaohs
Most of the work was done by farmers during the Nile floods

15. Pyramid Technology Square base with the entrance facing north
Developed new principals of astronomy to determine north
Invented 365 day calendar
Invented number system on base 10 and fractions

16. Pyramid Building Steps
Skilled artisans used copper tools to cut stone into huge blocks
Blocks were tied to sleds and pulled to the Nile river on paths paved with logs
The stone blocks were then loaded onto boats and floated to the building site
Workers unloaded the blocks and dragged or pushed them up ramps to be set in place

17. The Great Pyramid Built for King Khufu
Built in Giza on the West Bank of the Nile
Almost 500 feet tall

18. Review
A pyramid is a mountain like stone structure used as tomb for Egyptian Pharaohs.

19. Review
Ramps were used to place the heavy stone blocks when building the pyramids.

20. Review
The Great Pyramid in Giza was build for King Re.