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Depth of Field Nancy Rosenbaum 11/13/20131Goddard Photo Club.

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Presentation on theme: "Depth of Field Nancy Rosenbaum 11/13/20131Goddard Photo Club."— Presentation transcript:

1 Depth of Field Nancy Rosenbaum 11/13/20131Goddard Photo Club

2 Agenda What is Depth of Field (DOF)? What determines DOF? How can controlling DOF help my photography? 11/13/20132Goddard Photo Club

3 What is DOF? Distance between the nearest and farthest objects in a scene that appear acceptably sharp in an image Affected by three controls: – Subject distance – Aperture – Lens focal length Long depth of field Short depth of field 11/13/20133Goddard Photo Club ©Nancy Rosenbaum

4 What Is Aperture? Diameter of the lens opening Expressed as a ratio of the focal length to the diameter (f-stop) Smaller f-stop number = larger diameter 11/13/20134Goddard Photo Club

5 Aperture Priority Mode 11/13/20135Goddard Photo Club

6 Aperture vs. DOF Source: Fredrik Silverglimth, http://www.tutorial9.net/tutorials/photography- tutorials/depth-of-field-in-photography/ http://www.tutorial9.net/tutorials/photography- tutorials/depth-of-field-in-photography/ 11/13/20136Goddard Photo Club

7 Aperture vs. DOF f14, fl = 135 mm, dist. = 1.3 mF5.6, fl = 135 mm, dist. = 1.1 m 11/13/20137Goddard Photo Club ©Nancy Rosenbaum

8 Focusing Distance vs. DOF Source: Fredrik Silverglimth, http://www.tutorial9.net/tutorials/photography- tutorials/depth-of-field-in-photography/ http://www.tutorial9.net/tutorials/photography- tutorials/depth-of-field-in-photography/ 11/13/20138Goddard Photo Club

9 Focusing Distance vs. DOF First try f13, 135 mm, dist 1.9 m Larger aperture; move in a little f9, 135 mm, dist 1.6 m Move in close f9, 135 mm, dist 1.1 m 11/13/20139Goddard Photo Club ©Nancy Rosenbaum

10 Lens Focal Length vs. DOF Source: Fredrik Silverglimth, http://www.tutorial9.net/tutorials/photography- tutorials/depth-of-field-in-photography/ http://www.tutorial9.net/tutorials/photography- tutorials/depth-of-field-in-photography/ 11/13/201310Goddard Photo Club

11 Lens Focal Length vs. DOF Same focusing distance; different focal length 11/13/201311Goddard Photo Club ©Nancy Rosenbaum

12 Some Principles The smaller the aperture, the deeper the depth of field (the focal length and focusing distance remaining the same). For example, if the lens focal length and the shooting distance stay the same, the depth of field is much deeper at f/16 than at f/1.4. The shorter the lens focal length, the deeper the depth of field (the focal length and focusing distance remaining the same). For example, comparing a 28mm lens with a 50mm lens at the same aperture and shooting distance, depth of field is deeper with the 28mm lens.. The greater the shooting distance, the deeper the depth of field (the focal length and focusing distance remaining the same). For example, if the subject is photographed from three and then from seven meters away, the zone of sharpness in the foreground and background is greater at seven meters. Source: “To Blur or Not to”, http://www.mir.com.my/rb/photography/fototech/htmls/depth.html 11/13/201312Goddard Photo Club

13 Using DOF Make a subject “pop” from a busy background F13, fl = 55mm, dist. =.4 F5.6, fl = 55mm, dist. =.3 This…vs. this… 11/13/201313Goddard Photo Club ©Nancy Rosenbaum

14 Using DOF Bring subjects of varying distances into focus Useful with landscapes or large group portraits F 18, fl = 55, dist = infinity 11/13/201314Goddard Photo Club ©Nancy Rosenbaum

15 Using DOF Pay attention to the whole composition Out-of focus objects in the foreground may detract from the composition 11/13/201315Goddard Photo Club ©Nancy Rosenbaum

16 Bokeh Effect Rendering of out-of-focus points of light in the shape of the lens opening F 5.6 1/20, fl 200, dist 1.7 m 11/13/201316Goddard Photo Club ©Nancy Rosenbaum

17 11/13/2013Goddard Photo Club17 f5.6, fl = 55 f7.1, fl = 82 ©Nancy Rosenbaum

18 11/13/2013Goddard Photo Club18 f6.3, fl = 200 mm, dist. = 3mF 4.2, fl = 65, distance = 7.9m ©Nancy Rosenbaum

19 f 5.3, dist. =.3 m f 16, dist. =.4 m 11/13/201319Goddard Photo Club ©Nancy Rosenbaum

20 F 7.1, 1/250, fl 55, dist.3 m F 25, 1/20, fl 55, dist.3 m 11/13/201320Goddard Photo Club ©Nancy Rosenbaum

21 Cherry Blossoms and Memorial – Karen Smale 11/13/201321Goddard Photo Club Peruvian Fruit Market – Karen Smale

22 Smithsonian Castle – Brent Warner f/8.0 ISO: 100 Focal length: 16.3 mm f/4.0 ISO: 100 Focal length: 16.3 mm 11/13/201322Goddard Photo Club

23 Lizard – Brent Warner f/5.9 ISO 400 focal length: 18.9 mm Exposure time: 0.004 f/5.6 ISO: 100 Focal length: 42.6 mm Exposure time: 0.025 Autofocus locked in on window reflection Manual focus on lizard 11/13/201323Goddard Photo Club

24 11/13/2013Goddard Photo Club24 F10, fl = 55mm, dist. = infinity ©Nancy Rosenbaum

25 F 6.3, fl = 55 11/13/201325Goddard Photo Club ©Nancy Rosenbaum

26 Terms Aperture (f-stop) – the adjustable opening (diaphragm) that allows light to reach the film or digital sensor Bokeh – The way the lens renders out-of-focus points of light Circle of Confusion - Extent to which a point needs to be blurred in order to be perceived as unsharp Depth of Field – Distance between the nearest and farthest objects in a scene that appear acceptably sharp in an image Diffraction – Loss of sharpness when using small apertures Focal Length – Distance from the lens to the sensor, expressed in mm, determining the magnification of the lens. The smaller the number, the wider the angle (objects appear farther away). The larger the number, the narrower the angle (telephoto – objects appear closer than they are) Focal Point – Exact point of maximum focus F-Stop - Ratio of the focal length to the diameter of the lens opening Hyperfocal Distance - Nearest focus distance at which the DOF extends to infinity Optimal Aperture – The aperture at which a lens is at its sharpest, generally 1 – 3 f-stops from the maximum. The optimal aperture is a balance between the effects optical aberrations and diffraction (see http://www.bobatkins.com/photography/technical/diffraction.html)http://www.bobatkins.com/photography/technical/diffraction.html 11/13/201326Goddard Photo Club

27 Helpful Links DOF and Hyperfocal Distance, Tables and Calculator http://www.nikonians.org/reviews?alias=dof- and-hyperfocal-distance-tables-and-calculator http://www.nikonians.org/reviews?alias=dof- and-hyperfocal-distance-tables-and-calculator Depth of Field WIKI Page http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Depth_of_field Cambridge in Colour Tutorial: Depth of Field http://www.cambridgeincolour.com/tutorials/de pth-of-field.htm http://www.cambridgeincolour.com/tutorials/de pth-of-field.htm 11/13/201327Goddard Photo Club

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