1. Respiratory pigments bind and transport gases
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2. Respiratory Pigments
Proteins involved in respiration. They are in charge of transporting oxygen rather than allowing the oxygen to be dissolved the pigments circulate with the blood and are often contained in specialized cells.
Greatly increases the amount of oxygen that can be transported throughout the body

3. Oxygen Transport
Due to evolution many types of respiratory pigments have evolved but the two main one are:
Hemocyanin- found in arthropods and uses copper as it’s oxygen-binding agent which makes the blood bluish.
Hemoglobin- is the respiratory pigment of almost all vertebrates and a wide variety of invertebrates.

4. Hemoglobin
Consists of four subunits with a cofactor called a Heme group that contains an iron at the center.
Each Hemoglobin molecule can hold four molecules of oxygen.

5. Partial Pressure
Partial Pressure is the pressure which the gas would have if it alone occupied the volume.
Partial pressure influences the diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide across respiratory systems by moving the molecules from higher concentrations to lower concentrations. This is why carbon dioxide and oxygen move from to and from cells to reach the same concentration on both sides.

6. Dissociation Curve and the Bohr Shift
Dissociation Curve- is a graph that shows the percent saturation of hemoglobin at various partial pressures of oxygen.
Bohr shift- is the shift of oxygen dissociation curve to the right with a drop in pH because the hydrogen ions affect the conformation of hemoglobin therefore lowering the percent saturation of oxygen.

7. Dissociation Curve
dissociation curve relates oxygen saturation (SO2) and partial pressure of oxygen in the blood (PO2)
Hemoglobin's affinity for oxygen increases as successive molecules of oxygen bind.

8. Carbon Dioxide Transport
As a class simplify the steps of the carbon dioxide transport that takes place in the blood.
Carbon dioxide is picked up at the tissues and deposited in the lungs
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9. Respiratory Adaptations
Diving Mammals- the Weddell seal of Antarctica can store large amounts of oxygen in its blood. Unlike humans the seals stock pile 70 percent of its oxygen in its blood and only 5 percent in its small lungs. Humans hold 36 percent of our oxygen in our lungs and 51 percent in our blood.
Myoglobin- is an oxygen storing protein found in the muscles of diving mammals

10. Respiratory System
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