1. Circulatory System

2. Composition and Function of Blood
Composed of plasma (55%) and formed elements (45%)
Used for transport of materials through the body
Used to regulate body heat (homeostasis)

4. Formed Elements of the Blood
Formed elements are all the chemicals (usually proteins) and cells found in the blood. The formed elements are:
Erythrocytes (Red Blood Cells)
Leukocytes (White Blood Cells)
Platelets (Cell fragments)

5. Erythrocytes Also called Red Blood cells Have no nucleus
Thin plasma membrane
Transport oxygen and carbon dioxide
Ability to transport oxygen and carbon dioxide is based on the amount of hemoglobin

6. (Leukocytes) Neutrophils
Neutrophils: 65%–75% of total WBCs
Highly mobile and very active phagocytic cells
Cytoplasmic granules contain lysosomes.
Increase in numbers during acute infections

7. Eosinophils Eosinophils: 2%–5% of circulating WBCs
Capable of ingesting inflammatory chemicals and proteins
Increase in numbers during allergic reactions and parasitic worm infections

8. Basophils Motile Cytoplasmic granules contain histamine and heparin.
Increase in numbers during allergic reactions and periods of inflammation

9. Types of Agranulocytes - Lymphocyte
Lymphocytes: 20%–25% of total WBCs
Two types of Lymphocytes are important in the immune response

10. Thrombocytes (Platelets) Function
Two major functions are:
stoppage of blood flow. Platelet plug formed by platelets sticking together (sticky platelets)
Coagulation = formation of fibrin clot

11. Structure of Blood Vessel
Three layers for both arteries and veins
Tunica adventitia
Tunica media
Tunica intima

13. Some Major Arteries Carotids (Common, Internal and External)
Subclavian
Brachiocephalic
Brachial
Radial
Ulnar
Coronary
Celiac
Splenic
Renal
Mesenteric (Inferior and Superior)
Abdominal Aorta
Iliac (Common, Internal and External)
Femoral
Popliteal
Tibial (Anterior and Posterior)

14. Some Major Veins Facial Jugular (External and Internal)
Brachiocephalic
Subclavian
Cephalic
Auxiliary
Vena cava (Superior and Inferior)
Pulmonary
Cardiac (Great and Small)
Basilic
Hepatic and Hepatic portal
Spleenic
Mesenteric (Inferior and Superior)
Iliac (Common, External and Internal)
Femoral
Saphenous (Great and Small)
Popliteal
Tibial (Anterior and Posterior)

15. Artery Model

16. Vein Model

17. Common Arteries

18. Common Veins