1. Personality Development
Sigmund Freud
psychodynamic theory
psychosexual theory
your unconscious mind matters ALOT
affects our behavior, but we can’t talk about them

2. SIGMUND FREUD

3. Personality Development
Childhood is very important
events and problems
were they solved?
Have to be dealt with or serious problems down the road
MAKE UP PERSONALITY

4. Personality Development
Interplay of conscious and unconscious

5. 3 Basic INSTINCTS EROS- life: food, water LIBIDO- especially SEX
THANATOS- the death instincts
Drive our behavior

6. 3 LEVELS of CONSCIOUSNESS
CONSCIOUS- going on now
PRECONSCIOUS- easily dealt with
UNCONSCIOUS- not easily recalled

7. PARTS of personality Id (pleasure principle)
Superego (idealistic principle)
Ego (reality principle)

8. ORAL STAGE Fixation- when you are “stuck” in a stage as an adult
a. unresolved trauma
b. liked it TOO much

9. TERMS YOU NEED Regression- go back in stages
a trauma makes you seek your safety in an earlier stage

10. Freud’s Theory Early sexual problems need to be resolved
1. Oral stage (0-18 months)
the mouth is most important
feeding, sucking, noise-making

11. ORAL STAGE trauma: weaning/drinking timing, abruptness, needs
scheduling
if liked too much, will become FIXATED
ORALLY FIXATED

12. FREUD’S STAGES 2. ANAL STAGE (18 months-3yrs.)
concentrates on potty training experience, bowel control
learning the concept of control
is it successful or traumatic?

13. ANAL STAGE The ego reality principle is developing HOW PROGRESS?
Anal Expulsive- trains easily, loves approval and harmony
eager to give what YOU want

14. ANAL STAGE Anal retentive- the child refuses to train
represses emotional response
spiteful and aggressive
id is dominant

15. ANAL STAGE TRAUMA Abruptness, strictness, punishment
ashamed embarrassed- self-critical
two results depending on the way that they potty trained

16. Anal stage fixations
Expulsive- resembles low self-esteem. Do anything that can to please
promiscuity
Retentive- perfectionist, greedy, superiority, cold, pessimist

17. 3. PHALLIC STAGE Begins about 3-about 5
The genitals are most important
play with them!
Sexual attraction…to the parent!

18. Phallic Stage Traumas
1. Playing “doctor” and getting caught and scolded
excessive shame/guilt
2. Oedipus Complex-castration anxiety
3. Electra Complex-penis envy

19. Freud’s Stages Trauma SUPEREGO develops in the Phallic Stage
4. LATENT STAGE- kindergarten age (5-puberty)
resting period

20. Freud’s Stages pleasure not from body
Bonding & relations (friends) bring pleasure
learn about the world
girls, YUCK!
ends at puberty

21. FREUD’S STAGES 5. GENITAL STAGE puberty
new attention directed to the genitals
Sexual attraction to others

22. FREUD’S STAGES Trauma- rejected by those we’re sexually attracted to
Result: regression to latent stage

23. Criticisms to Freud 1. Cultural bias 2. Anti-woman 3. Just too dirty
4. Testing
5. CAN make changes after first 5 years

24. The Neo-Freudians Alfred Adler Carl Jung Karen Horney
they followed Freud, but disagree on certain issues

25. Alfred Adler

26. Adler’s Theory Broke in 1911 over penis envy
less sex drive, more motivation
individual psychology

27. Adler’s Theory Looked at acrobats with injuries
as a child we have an inferiority complex
we are weak and vulnerable and must overcome

28. Adler’s Theory We have a natural striving for superiority
our master plan is our style of life
superiority takes many forms, manipulation?

29. Neo Freudians Your style of life should benefit all--> social focus
long term implications about controlling your own problems and life

30. Carl Jung

31. Jung Broke with Freud over dream interpretation and sex.
Concentrates on a person’s search for spiritual meaning and human culture continuing

32. JUNG
Our major goal in life is to bring about unity

33. Carl Jung 3 levels of mind:
conscious/ personal unconscious/ collective unconscious
inherit some vague images from ancestors

34. Carl Jung
Archetypes
images similar across cultures, dreams, and hallucinations
genetics?
Tough to test...

35. Carl Jung Parts of personality
Persona- (the mask) social front archetype
what we THINK is accepted
don’t want punishment

36. Carl Jung
Shadow- impulsive, animalistic part of personality (evil archetype)
alter-ego

37. Carl Jung Attitudes introvert- inwardly directed
extrovert- outwardly directed.

38. Karen Horney

39. Horney Prime focus of behavior is not sexual-SECURITY!
childhood and anxiety associated with it
Society molds us
Women and men envy each other a bit

40. Karen Horney Need to be a nurturing parent to ease basic anxiety
NOT BE inconsistent, indifferent, hostile
basic hostility to parents

41. Karen Horney 3 ways we interact 1. Move away from others
if on your own, no one can hurt you
2. Move toward others
don’t want anyone upset

42. Karen Horney 3. Moving against others having to be in charge
Well adjusted- BALANCE
Insecure- OVER USE ONE

44. THE HUMANISTS How are humans different from mere animals?
FOCUS ON HERE AND NOW!!!
Abraham Maslow and the “hierarchy of needs”

45. Maslow and Rogers

46. Self-Actualization
“Making the full use and exploitation of talents, capacities, and potentialities.”
Many don’t reach this

48. Carl Rogers People are innately good. Want to develop capabilities
Often derailed
Self concept- + or -??
Real self vs. ideal self