1. Cellular Energy

2. I. Energy for Living Things A. Organisms need energy to live B. Energy is the ability to do work

3. II. Energy Storing Molecules a. ATP and NADPH

4. Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)

5. ribose adenine phosphates A. ATP is made of ribose sugar, adenine, and three phosphate groups.

6. B. Organisms use ATP to temporarily store chemical energy.

7. C. ATP is replenished by eating food.

8. D. Energy is stored in bonds ribose adenine high energy bonds

9. E. Energy is released when a bond is broken And… adenosine diphosphate is produced (ADP) ribose adenine

10. IV. All energy on Earth comes from the Sun

11. A. Visible Light Waves 1. ROY G BIV

12. B. Chlorophyll- a pigment that absorbs violet, blue, and red light (inside chloroplasts).

13. ` Autotroph- “self” Feeder (ex- plants) Heterotroph- Consumes other plants and animals (ex- animal)

14. I. Chloroplasts A. Chloroplasts: in leaves of plants- have chlorophyll

15. C Parts of the chloroplast 1. Stroma –fluid/space inside each chloroplast

16. 2. Grana – stacks of Thylakoid sacs 3. Thylakoids –sacs which contain chlorophyll, site of photosynthesis

17. Thylakoids Grana Stroma

18. D. Why are leaves green? Because chlorophyll

19. V. Photosynthesis A. Photo – Light B. Synthesis – Putting together C. “making things with light”

20. D. Chloroplasts capture light energy and build carbohydrates (food) from raw materials.

21. E. Photosynthesis equation 6CO 2 + 6H 2 O C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2 Light energy

22. VI. Light Reaction 1. Light energy from the sun hits chlorophyll molecules 2. ATP and NADPH is formed 3. Used H ₂O and produces O₂

23. 4. ATP and NADPH are used as energy for the dark reaction

24. VI. Dark Reaction or Calvin Cycle 1. The second part of photosynthesis 2. doesn’t need light energy to occur

25. VI. Calvin Cycle/ Dark Cycle 3.Carbon dioxide (from the air) and ATP and NADPH from the light reaction are used to make carbohydrates (food).

27. Cellular Respiration A. Cellular Respiration takes sugar from photosynthesis and uses oxygen to make energy(ATP) for the body. B. Photosynthesis and respiration are complementary processes

28. Cellular Respiration C. Overall Reaction C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2 6CO 2 + 6H 2 O + Energy Energy = the ability to do work

29. D. Cellular Respiration occurs in all living organisms (including plants and animals)