1. Allison Lamb Structural Emphasis April 16, 2003 New Science Center Lateral System Redesign

2. April 16, 2003 Allison Lamb Kutztown University New Science Center Presentation Outline  Background  Existing Structural  Proposal  Redesign  Other Considerations  Fire Protection  Acoustical  Recommendations

3. April 16, 2003 Allison Lamb Kutztown University New Science Center Background  Project Team Owner  Pennsylvania System of Higher Education Architect  Stv Architects Engineer  Stv Incorporated

4. April 16, 2003 Allison Lamb Kutztown University New Science Center Background  Delivery Method Design – Bid – Build  Dates of Construction 3/18/02 – 10/3/04  Several Phase Project  Addition 3/18/02 – Present  Overall Cost $16 million  Addition Cost $11.4 million

5. April 16, 2003 Allison Lamb Kutztown University New Science Center Background  Location Kutztown University campus Berks County, Pennsylvania  Building Function Academic Building Science Departments Classrooms, Labs, Offices

6. April 16, 2003 Allison Lamb Kutztown University New Science Center Background  Architecture Brick facade Large glass Atrium Floor Layout  Red – offices  Green – Classrooms  Blue – Labs  Magenta – Vertical circulation  Yellow – Storage/building systems  Black – atrium space First Floor Second Floor Third Floor Fourth Floor

7. April 16, 2003 Allison Lamb Kutztown University New Science Center Presentation Outline  Background  Existing Structural  Proposal  Redesign  Other Considerations  Fire Protection  Acoustical  Recommendations

8. April 16, 2003 Allison Lamb Kutztown University New Science Center Existing Structural  Gravity System Composite Framing  5 in. Concrete  1 ½ in. composite metal deck  50 ksi Steel beams and girders  50 ksi Steel columns Roof Framing  Roof joists  50 ksi beams and girders

9. April 16, 2003 Allison Lamb Kutztown University New Science Center Existing Structural  Lateral System Steel moment frames  2 in E-W Direction  2 In N-S direction  Typical Connection

10. April 16, 2003 Allison Lamb Kutztown University New Science Center Existing Structural  Foundations 4000 psi concrete rock bearing drilled piers with grade beams in the unexcavated portion of the building spread footings in the basement portion

11. April 16, 2003 Allison Lamb Kutztown University New Science Center Presentation Outline  Background  Existing Structural  Proposal  Redesign  Other Considerations  Fire Protection  Acoustical  Recommendations

12. April 16, 2003 Allison Lamb Kutztown University New Science Center Proposal  Replace current lateral system  Redesign Criteria lateral force resisting system must:  be designed to resist the lateral loads  perform to the required serviceability criteria under the design loads lateral force resisting system must not:  compromise the architectural aesthetics and functionality of the building’s spaces  disrupt the other building systems  be prohibitively expensive

13. April 16, 2003 Allison Lamb Kutztown University New Science Center Proposal  Alternative #1 incorporate braced frames into the structure  Alternative #2 create several frames with partially restrained connections  Alternative #3 some combination of braced frames and partially restrained frames

14. April 16, 2003 Allison Lamb Kutztown University New Science Center Presentation Outline  Background  Existing Structural  Proposal  Redesign  Other Considerations  Fire Protection  Acoustical  Recommendations

15. April 16, 2003 Allison Lamb Kutztown University New Science Center Redesign  Gravity System Realign columns into grid system for more options Resize members using RAM  Check flexure, shear, deflection, composite action  Smaller member sizes Second Floor Vibration Issue  Leave second floor member sizes unchanged Original LayoutNew Layout

16. April 16, 2003 Allison Lamb Kutztown University New Science Center Redesign  Lateral System Alternative #1 – Braced Frames  typical placement  Architectural repercussions  Add a column

17. April 16, 2003 Allison Lamb Kutztown University New Science Center Redesign Alternative #2 – PR Frames  Use several frames and take advantage of the stiffness in the PR connections

18. April 16, 2003 Allison Lamb Kutztown University New Science Center Redesign Alternative #3  Use braced frames in East – West direction and PR Frames in North – South Direction

19. April 16, 2003 Allison Lamb Kutztown University New Science Center Redesign Braced Frames  Initial member sizes determined by gravity requirements  Checked with Ram using ASCE 7-95 lateral loads  Members increased to meet strength requirements

20. April 16, 2003 Allison Lamb Kutztown University New Science Center Redesign  Frames modeled in STAAD to determine stiffness  ASCE 7-98 Lateral Loads distributed by rigidity  Member sizes increased to meet strength and stiffness requirements under lateral loads including torsion

21. April 16, 2003 Allison Lamb Kutztown University New Science Center Redesign  Drift due to wind limited to H/400 Allowable 1.875” Actual 1.406”  Drift due to seismic limited to 2% of the story height below Level Actual Drift (inches) Story Drift (inches) Allowable Story Drift (inches) 5(Roof)1.1130.3065.08 40.8070.3493.52 30.4580.3073.52 20.151 2.88 Level Actual Drift (inches) Allowable Drift (inches) Story Drift (inches) Allowable Story Drift (inches) 5(Roof)1.4061.8750.4090.635 40.9971.2400.4390.440 30.5580.8000.3530.440 20.2050.3600.2050.360

22. April 16, 2003 Allison Lamb Kutztown University New Science Center Redesign  Final member sizes Columns - W14x109 Beams - W30x90 Braces - 2L5x5x7/8

23. April 16, 2003 Allison Lamb Kutztown University New Science Center Redesign PR Frames  Method of Flexible wind connections or type 2 with wind (ASD) Beams designed as simple beams Columns designed to provide frame stability connections designed to resist the factored lateral loads and have sufficient ductility to accommodate the rotations

24. April 16, 2003 Allison Lamb Kutztown University New Science Center Redesign  Initial member sizes determined by flexible moment connection method  frames modeled in STAAD as FR and stiffness determined  Lateral Loads redistributed by rigidity  Member sizes increased to provide adequate strength and stiffness requirements

25. April 16, 2003 Allison Lamb Kutztown University New Science Center Redesign  Drift determined as per conservative British Wind-Moment Approach Drift determined using FR connections, then multiplied by 1.5 to account for actual PR connections  Wind drift limited to H/400 Allowable total drift = 1.875” Actual total drift = 1.220”  Seismic Drift limited to 2 inches Level Actual Drift (inches) Allowable Drift (inches) Story Drift (inches) Allowable Story Drift (inches) 5(Roof)1.2201.8750.0800.635 41.1401.2400.2020.440 30.9380.8000.3360.440 20.6020.3600.6020.360 Level Actual Drift (inches) Story Drift (inches) Allowable Story Drift (inches) 5(Roof)1.9380.1625.08 41.7760.3553.52 31.4210.5363.52 20.885 2.88

26. April 16, 2003 Allison Lamb Kutztown University New Science Center Redesign  Final Member sizes Beams W30x99 Columns W14x145  Connection Double Web Angle Top and Bottom Seat Designed to resist shear Moment-Rotation Characteristics determined Typical connection

27. April 16, 2003 Allison Lamb Kutztown University New Science Center Presentation Outline  Background  Existing Structural  Proposal  Redesign  Other Considerations  Fire Protection  Acoustical  Recommendations

28. April 16, 2003 Allison Lamb Kutztown University New Science Center Other Considerations  Foundations Changing layout of frames, adding additional columns and relocating columns Redesign for bearing, shear, and overturning  Architectural New column layout changes room sizes slightly

29. April 16, 2003 Allison Lamb Kutztown University New Science Center Other Considerations  Mechanical System Changing some room sizes will affect the mechanical load for those spaces  Lighting System Room size changes will affect the lighting layout

30. April 16, 2003 Allison Lamb Kutztown University New Science Center Other Considerations  Cost Comparison Gravity System  Redesign = total savings of $72,596.67 Lateral System  PR Frames = increase of $23,696.66  Braced Frames = Savings of $54,633.43

31. April 16, 2003 Allison Lamb Kutztown University New Science Center Presentation Outline  Background  Existing Structural  Proposal  Redesign  Other Considerations  Fire Protection  Acoustical  Recommendations

32. April 16, 2003 Allison Lamb Kutztown University New Science Center Fire Protection  Automatic wet sprinkler protection to provide 100% protection coverage  IBC 2000 Code Requirements Business Group B occupancy type Type IB construction Building ElementFire Rating (hours) Structural Frame Including columns, girders 2 Floor Construction Including supporting beams 2 Roof Construction Including Supporting beams, joists 1

33. April 16, 2003 Allison Lamb Kutztown University New Science Center Fire Protection  Floor Construction UL Design No. D902  4.5” concrete min.  Spray applied fire resistive materials None required for floor 1-1/16” inch to the beams and girders

34. April 16, 2003 Allison Lamb Kutztown University New Science Center Fire Protection  Columns UL Design No. X501  Spray Applied Fire resistive materials 1 3/8” coating Glass Fiber Gauze 2 1/16” coats

35. April 16, 2003 Allison Lamb Kutztown University New Science Center Presentation Outline  Background  Existing Structural  Proposal  Redesign  Other Considerations  Fire Protection  Acoustical  Recommendations

36. April 16, 2003 Allison Lamb Kutztown University New Science Center Acoustical  300 seat auditorium/lecture hall Room Size  109 ft 3 per person  Preferred range 80–150 ft 3 per person Room Shape  Sloped 5˚  Best sloped 7˚ or more

37. April 16, 2003 Allison Lamb Kutztown University New Science Center Acoustical Room Materials  Red - Gypsum Board  Blue - Fabric-Wrapped acoustical panels  Magenta - Acoustical ceiling tile  Yellow - Wooden chair rail  Green - Pinch-pleated drapery

38. April 16, 2003 Allison Lamb Kutztown University New Science Center Acoustical Reverberation Times  Calculation using sound absorption properties of materials  Optimal - less than 0.8s from 250 to 4000 Hz Reverberation Times (s) Conditions125 Hz500 Hz4000 Hz Fully Occupied0.490.330.26 One-half Occupied0.520.350.27

39. April 16, 2003 Allison Lamb Kutztown University New Science Center Presentation Outline  Background  Existing Structural  Proposal  Redesign  Other Considerations  Fire Protection  Acoustical  Recommendations

40. April 16, 2003 Allison Lamb Kutztown University New Science Center Recommendations  Gravity System Consider redesigned member sizes but verify vibration requirements  Lateral System Use braced frames in the east-West direction Use original moment frames in North-South Direction  Fire Protection Choose system to meet minimum code requirements  Acoustical Consider increasing the slope of the room

41. April 16, 2003 Allison Lamb Kutztown University New Science Center acknowledgements Thank you Stu Rothenberger of STV Architects for all of the information that made thesis possible All of my Friends and Family especially Mike, I couldn’t have done this without you The AE Faculty for their expertise and help Happy Birthday to me

42. April 16, 2003 Allison Lamb Kutztown University New Science Center Questions Any Questions?

43. April 16, 2003 Allison Lamb Kutztown University New Science Center Background  Mechanical System Variable Volume System 8 AHUs handling 146,275 CFM Lab Spaces  Once Through Air  Humidified Other Spaces – 50% Outside Air, 50% Recirculated 650 Ton Chiller 650 Ton Cooling Tower Natural gas fired 143 HP Boiler

44. April 16, 2003 Allison Lamb Kutztown University New Science Center Background  Lighting System Interior lighting provided by fluorescent lighting fixtures auditorium/lecture hall has fluorescent fixtures for normal lighting and 75 watt incandescent fixtures for dimming controlled by local switches throughout the building Exit and emergency lighting connected to the emergency distribution system exterior building lighting consists of metal halide fixtures

45. April 16, 2003 Allison Lamb Kutztown University New Science Center Background  Electrical System Splice into existing13.2kV campus distribution feeder Interior unit substation transforms voltage to 208/120 volt service main power distribution is a 208/120 volt, 3 phase, 4 wire system emergency and standby power provided by a natural- gas-fired engine generator