1. Lesson 9.3 Fact Finder

2. Do Now
Take out your Lesson 9.3 Fact Finders.

3. The Peloponnesian War Begins
A. 400’s BC, Athens and Sparta were the
most powerful Greek city-states

4. The Peloponnesian War Begins
1. Leaders of Athens wanted more power
over other Greek city-states
2. Leaders of Sparta feared Athens would
become stronger than they were

5. The Peloponnesian War Begins
a. Led to a rivalry between the two

6. The Peloponnesian War Begins
B. Athens placed city-states of Delian
League under an Athenian Empire

7. The Peloponnesian War Begins
1. They received many tributes and treasury
overflowed
2. Pericles used this to strengthen city’s
defense walls

8. Athens Defense Walls

9. The Peloponnesian War Begins
a. Walls connected Athens to port of Piraeus
b. Also invested money into the navy

10. Piraeus

11. The Peloponnesian War Begins
C. Sparta was alarmed by these actions
1. Tension turned to fighting that lasted 15 years
2. In about 445 B.C., both sides signed Thirty Years’ War Treaty

12. Activity
Turn to pages 336 and 337 of your textbook and let’s observe an Athenian warship.

13. Renewed Fighting A. 14 years later, Athens and Sparta began
fighting again
1. Sparta invaded Attica, people fled to
safety in the walls of Athens city

14. Renewed Fighting 1. Spartan army destroyed the abandoned
homes and crops
2. A plague broke out in Athens killing many,
including Pericles
B. Athens suffered through many leaders in
the following years

15. Renewed Fighting B. Sparta built up its navy and defeated the
Athens in 405 B.C.
1. The Athenians surrendered to the Spartans
a year later

16. III. The Thirty Tyrants A. Spartans decided terms of peace
1. They broke up the Athenian Empire and
limited it to 12 ships
2. Also ordered Athens to close the port of
Piraeus and take down the city walls

17. The Thirty Tyrants B. Sparta also took control of Athenian government
1. They replaced democracy with a
dictatorship
a. This is a government with absolute power

18. The Thirty Tyrants
B. This dictatorship was an oligarchy with 30 pro-Spartan aristocrats
i. They were known as the Thirty Tyrants,
due to their cruel rule

19. The Thirty Tyrants ii. They threw former leaders in prison
iii. Also killed many Athenians and forced
many others into exile

20. The Thirty Tyrants
2. Thirty Tyrants ignored Athenian laws and took citizens’ rights away

21. IV. Athens Regains Independence
A. Other Greek city-states helped Athenians
by taking them in
1. In Thebes, an exiled Athenian General
formed an army to regain Athens
2. Thebans helped them to regain the port of
Piraeus

22. Athens Regains Independence
a. The leader of the Thirty Tyrants was killed
in the battle
b. Other tyrants asked Sparta for help

23. Athens Regains Independence
B. Sparta refused to help the Thirty Tyrants,
and the Three Thousand regained control
1. They set out to restore democracy

24. Important Note
The Thirty Tyrants were overthrown, and the new leaders tried to restore Athenian democracy. Since many people still wanted strong leaders, Athenian democracy never fully recovered.

25. Competition Among City-States
A. Athens and Sparta had both suffered from
years of fighting
1. Sparta tried to regain trade and power by
conquering city-states under Persian
Control

26. Competition Among City-States
B. Corinth, Athens, Argos formed the
Corinthian Alliance in 375 BC

27. Competition Among City-States
1. Sparta defeated the alliance
C. Soon after, Athens and 70 other city-states
allied with Thebes to defeat Sparta

28. Thebes

29. Competition Among City-States
1. In 371BC, the alliance defeated Sparta
2. Thebes freed Sparta’s helots and allowed them to form their own city-state, Messene

30. Messene

31. Competition Among City-States
D. Resentment towards Thebes’s power
1. Athens and its allies attacked Thebes but
lost
a. Theban leader was killed in battle
b. Thebes lost power over Greece

32. Competition Among City-States
E. The city-states of Greece continued to
fight over power
1. Competition for power and wealth led to conflicts
a. This led Greece to become unstable

33. Wrap Up What events led to a rivalry between Sparta and Athens?
What did Pericles do to prepare Athens for war?
Who were the Thirty Tyrants?
How did Athens government change following its independence?