1. Nicole Harry and Maggie Hannon

2.  New born DOB- 6/14/14  Diagnosed with Spina Bifida in the womb  Myelomeningocele is the type of Spina Bifida she was diagnosed with  Scheduled for surgery on 6/16/14

3.  Occulta  Meningocele  Myelomeningocele

4.  Puts damaging pressure on spinal cord and brain (called hydrocephalus)  Difficulty swallowing, eating, breathing  Stiffness in upper arms and legs  Gastrointestinal conditions  Depression  Sac protruding from lumbar region  Kidney problems due to poor drainage

5.  Cerebellum  Brain stem  Frontal lobe

6.  Blood is drawn from the mother to be tested for an abnormally high level of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP)  An ultra sound is performed to check for any abnormalities  Amniocentesis test is taken if the results of the blood test are positive for AFP and the ultra sound shows no abnormalities

7.  Surgically implant a hollow tube (shunt) in brain to drain fluid into abdomen  Infant is operated on in 2 or 3 days after birth to remove the lump

8.  Some patients may need assistive devices for walking and learning  Orthopedic problems  Learning disabilities such as trouble in math, reading and language comprehension

9.  Spina bifida affects the interneurons in the spinal cord below the bump  Signals from sensory neurons can not pass through the interneurons because they are not structurally intact

10.  Operate on patients with deformities and diseases  Education needed is 4 years in undergraduate school, 4 years in medical school, and 2 to 8 years of internship  They surgically remove the lesion on the lower back and correct the spinal issues

11.  Help injured or impaired patients to improve their motor functions and manage their pain  Need a Doctor of Physical Therapy degree (between 6 to 8 years)  They help the patient by creating exercises to regain strength and function in their muscles

12.  One body system affected by spina bifida is the muscular system because in serious cases paralysis and other losses of motor function can occur. Another body system affected by this disease is the skeletal system because the spine can curve and joints can be dislocated.  One medical intervention that may help the patient is surgery to remove the bump on their back. Another medical intervention is physical therapy to regain strength and muscle usage.  People with ALS have all their mental and senses intact because their brain and sensory neurons are not primarily affected by the disease but the motor neurons degenerate causing the body to not be able to carry out muscle movement.

13.  Liptak, G. (n.d.). What is Spina Bifida? Retrieved November 7, 2014, from http://www.spinabifidaassociation.org/site/c.evKRI7OXIoJ8H http://www.spinabifidaassociation.org/site/c.evKRI7OXIoJ8H  Myelomeningocele: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia. (n.d.). Retrieved November 13, 2014, from http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article  Spina Bifida Fact Sheet. (2013, June 1). Retrieved November 10, 2014, from http://www.ninds.nih.gov/disorders/spina_bifida/detailhttp://www.ninds.nih.gov/disorders/spina_bifida/detail  Spina Bifida: Myelomeningocele and Meningocele. (2009, December 29). Retrieved November 10, 2014, from http://www.aboutkidshealth.ca/en/healthaz/conditionsanddiseases/bra inandnervoussystemdisorders/pages/spina-bifida-myelomeningocele- and-meningocele.aspx http://www.aboutkidshealth.ca/en/healthaz/conditionsanddiseases/bra inandnervoussystemdisorders/pages/spina-bifida-myelomeningocele- and-meningocele.aspx  Spina bifida. (n.d.). Retrieved November 10, 2014, from http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/spina- bifida/basics/tests-diagnosis/con-20035356 http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/spina- bifida/basics/tests-diagnosis/con-20035356  Summary. (n.d.). Retrieved November 13, 2014, from http://www.bls.gov/ooh/healthcare/physical-therapists.htm#tab-4 http://www.bls.gov/ooh/healthcare/physical-therapists.htm#tab-4  Summary. (n.d.). Retrieved November 13, 2014, from http://www.bls.gov/ooh/healthcare/physicians-and-surgeons.htm#tab- http://www.bls.gov/ooh/healthcare/physicians-and-surgeons.htm#tab-