1. PRESENTATION#1

2. Introduction Motivation Key Research Labs Future Goals Applications Published Research Conclusion

3. Digitally Assisted Analog Circuits. This term was used first as a research title in 2004 [1].

4. Progress in digital circuits has outpaced performance growth in analog circuits High speed Higher device density Low power consumption scalable, synthesizable, and self-testable Signal processing predominantly done in digital domain Problems in analog circuits Non-linearity Device specific noise Limitations in accuracy and speed.

5. Reduce power consumption[2] Reduced mismatch between different processes[2]. Remove the need for accurate settling time[2]. Higher speeds.[2] Design amplifiers that do not require constant biasing [2].

6. The digital assistance for analog circuits are required for: Analog to Digital Converters Power Amplifiers Direct conversion receivers Delta Sigma Modulators

7. Dr. Boris Murmann of the Electrical Engineering Department at Stanford University, USA. http://www.stanford.edu/group/murmann_group/ Dr. Joel L. Dawson at Dawson Research Group, MIT,USA. http://www- mtl.mit.edu/~jldawson/research_group/people.html Dr. Christian Vogel at Graz University of Technology, Austria. http://www2.spsc.tugraz.at/people/cvogel/index.html

8. "A 12-bit 75-MS/s pipelined ADC using open-loop residue amplification. "by Murmann, B. and B. E. Boser (2005). IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits. Cited by 262 “Digitally assisted analog circuits” by B Murmann; - Micro, IEEE, 2006. Cited by 39. “A 5-GHz 20-dBm power amplifier with digitally assisted AM-PM correction in a 90-nm CMOS process” by Palaskas, Y. Taylor;- IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits Aug. 2006 - Cited by 19. “Efficiency improvement techniques at low power levels for linear CDMA and WCDMA power amplifiers” by T Fowler, K Burger, NS Cheng,Radio Frequency Integrated Circuits (RFIC) Symposium, 2002 -Cited by 61

9. Digital circuits will dominate future technologies. Digital assistance will help improve analog circuit to achieve low power consumption, high speed and linearity. Based on previous work we have listed some applied work.

10. [1] Murmann, B. and B. Boser (2004). "Digitally Assisted Analog Integrated Circuits." Queue 2(1): 64- 71. [2] Murmann, B. (2006). "Digitally assisted analog circuits." Micro, IEEE 26(2): 38-47.