1. GEMMA (GEM Mixed-signal Asic): Design & Developing Second Year Ph.D. Activity Report Alessandro PEZZOTTA 26 September 2013 Tutor: Prof. A. Baschirotto Scuola di Dottorato di Scienze – Corso di Dottorato in Fisica e Astronomia Ciclo XXVIII Emails: a.pezzotta1@campus.unimib.it, alessandro.pezzotta@mib.infn.ita.pezzotta1@campus.unimib.italessandro.pezzotta@mib.infn.it

2. Outline The application: Triple-GEM detector Project Time Evolution Main Design Features Layout and Post-Layout Simulations GEMMA Overall Performance Future perspectives Alessandro PEZZOTTA "GEMMA (GEM Mixed-signal Asic): Design & Developing"226/09/2014

3. Outline The application: Triple-GEM detector   Project Time Evolution Main Design Features Layout and Post-Layout Simulations GEMMA Overall Performance Future perspectives Alessandro PEZZOTTA "GEMMA (GEM Mixed-signal Asic): Design & Developing"326/09/2014

4. The Application The GEM detector Belonging to MPGC family Employed for tracking, time-of-flight, counting, beam monitoring measurements Main features High count rate: > 10 6 cps Low-cost Adaptability Portability Alessandro PEZZOTTA "GEMMA (GEM Mixed-signal Asic): Design & Developing"426/09/2014

5. Existing Read-Out Systems Alessandro PEZZOTTA "GEMMA (GEM Mixed-signal Asic): Design & Developing"526/09/2014 All the systems now in use have been re-adapted from other applications: CCDs Semiconductor Detectors Multi-Wire Chambers Not exploiting the full GEM detector potential Uniquely analog or digital systems Limited number of detecting channels included on a single chip

6. The Main Issue The Pixellated Output It can be adapted according to measurement necessities Variable Pixel Parasitic Capacitance Issues for read-out Adaptability Efficiency Speed Alessandro PEZZOTTA "GEMMA (GEM Mixed-signal Asic): Design & Developing"626/09/2014

7. Outline The application: Triple-GEM detector Project Time Evolution   Main Design Features Layout and Post-Layout Simulations GEMMA Overall Performance Future perspectives Alessandro PEZZOTTA "GEMMA (GEM Mixed-signal Asic): Design & Developing"726/09/2014

8. First Attempt: GEMINI v1 Alessandro PEZZOTTA "GEMMA (GEM Mixed-signal Asic): Design & Developing"826/09/2014 ParameterValue CMOS TechnologySTM 130 nm # of Channels8 Max Pixel Capacitance15 pF Analog OutputsPreamp Analog (selectable) Digital OutputCMOS ToT & Event Detection Max Count Rate4 Mcps Power Consumption3.8 mW/channel Sensitivity6 fC Gain0.5 mV/fC Dynamic RangeFrom 30 fC to 1 pC Reset ModeDigital

9. GEMINI v1 Problem Alessandro PEZZOTTA "GEMMA (GEM Mixed-signal Asic): Design & Developing"926/09/2014

10. Why GEMMA? Problems faced in the first version tests Decision to make a second version, GEMMA CMOS technology changed (and related software) to 180nm AMS IBM, more stable and reliable Re-adjustment of specifications Complying with updated detector performance Channel number increased to 16 (instead of 8) LVDS digital outputs and analog output for each channel Alessandro PEZZOTTA "GEMMA (GEM Mixed-signal Asic): Design & Developing"1026/09/2014

11. Updated System Requirements Alessandro PEZZOTTA "GEMMA (GEM Mixed-signal Asic): Design & Developing"1126/09/2014 ParameterValue Count Rate> 3 Mcps # of Channels16 Sensitivity< 3 fC OutputAnalog and LVDS Digital Max Digital Output Jitter9 ns Max Pixel Capacitance40 pF Charge-to Voltage Gain1 mV/fC Gain Accuracy5% Reset TriggerEvent-Based

12. Outline The application: Triple-GEM detector Project Time Evolution Main Design Features   Layout and Post-Layout Simulations GEMMA Overall Performance Future perspectives Alessandro PEZZOTTA "GEMMA (GEM Mixed-signal Asic): Design & Developing"1226/09/2014

13. GEMMA Channel Scheme Alessandro PEZZOTTA "GEMMA (GEM Mixed-signal Asic): Design & Developing"1326/09/2014

14. GEMMA Main Blocks Charge-Sensitive Preamplifier Two-Stage Miller OTA 65 dB DC-Gain 320 MHz UGBW 100 V/µs SR 4.3 nV/√Hz IRN 1.5 mW Power Comparator Single Ended Mirrored 0.9 mV offset 700 uW Power R-2R Resistive Ladder DAC 9-bit resolution 500 mV full scale 1.2 mV LSB Sets the comparator threshold Alessandro PEZZOTTA "GEMMA (GEM Mixed-signal Asic): Design & Developing"1426/09/2014 Tuning machine for C F cap 5-bit resolution Switched-off during measure 5% Max Capacitance error Reset switches High speed Low charge injection Low on-resistance A2D & D2A Level Shifters Interface elements Digital Supply 1.8 V to 0 V Analog Supply 1 V to -1 V Negligible signal time delay I 2 C Interface Setting the DAC input words

15. GEMMA Digital Layout Alessandro PEZZOTTA "GEMMA (GEM Mixed-signal Asic): Design & Developing"1526/09/2014 The digital blocks substrate has been isolated for strongly reducing coupling with the analog, implementing a Triple-Well structure

16. Outline The application: Triple-GEM detector Project Time Evolution Main Design Features Layout and Post-Layout Simulations   GEMMA Overall Performance Future perspectives Alessandro PEZZOTTA "GEMMA (GEM Mixed-signal Asic): Design & Developing"1626/09/2014

17. GEMMA Layout Alessandro PEZZOTTA "GEMMA (GEM Mixed-signal Asic): Design & Developing"1726/09/2014 Area = 6.89 mm 2

18. GEMMA Simulations Settings Alessandro PEZZOTTA "GEMMA (GEM Mixed-signal Asic): Design & Developing"1826/09/2014 Parasitic Extraction after Layout Procedure Simulation including those parasitics Input Parameters for 100 Monte-Carlo iterations Pixel Capacitance  40 pF Chain of Minimum (30 fC) and Maximum Input Signal Pulses (500 fC) Detector first 2 e - threshold (-2.5 mV with 0 mV Input Signal common mode)

19. GEMMA Simulations Results Alessandro PEZZOTTA "GEMMA (GEM Mixed-signal Asic): Design & Developing"1926/09/2014 30 fC simulation

20. GEMMA Simulations Results Alessandro PEZZOTTA "GEMMA (GEM Mixed-signal Asic): Design & Developing"2026/09/2014 500 fC simulation

21. Outline The application: Triple-GEM detector Project Time Evolution Main Design Features Layout and Post-Layout Simulations GEMMA Overall Performance   Future perspectives Alessandro PEZZOTTA "GEMMA (GEM Mixed-signal Asic): Design & Developing"2126/09/2014

22. GEMINI v1 vs GEMMA ParameterGEMINI v1GEMMA CMOS TechnologySTM 130 nmAMS IBM 180 nm # of Channels816 Max Detector Capacitance15 pF40 pF Analog OutputsPreamp Analog (selectable)Preamp Analog (each channel) Digital Output (each channel)CMOS ToT & Event DetectionLVDS Event Detection Max Count Rate4∙10 6 cps5∙10 6 cps Power Consumption3.8 mW/channel2.7 mW/channel Sensitivity6 fC2.5 fC Max Digital Output Jitter18 ns6.2 ns Gain0.5 mV/fC1 mV/fC Dynamic RangeFrom 30 fC to 1 pCFrom 30 fC to 500 fC Input signal common mode900 mV0 mV Reset ModeDigitalAuto-Triggered or External Alessandro PEZZOTTA "GEMMA (GEM Mixed-signal Asic): Design & Developing"2226/09/2014

23. Outline The application: Triple-GEM detector Project Time Evolution Main Design Features Layout and Post-Layout Simulations GEMMA Overall Performance Future perspectives   Alessandro PEZZOTTA "GEMMA (GEM Mixed-signal Asic): Design & Developing"2326/09/2014

24. Future Perspectives Alessandro PEZZOTTA "GEMMA (GEM Mixed-signal Asic): Design & Developing"2426/09/2014 The design has been sent to the foundry last weeks Expected to come back in January 2015 40 packaged samples (Ceramic QFP 144 pins) In the meanwhile Designing a GEMMA compliant read-out system (Detector Chip Modules and Motherboard) Setting up an irradiation test to verify the GEMMA under-radiation performance The first version (GEMINI v1) has been corrected and re-sent to the foundry Expected to come back in a few days Tests on first prototype should now be possible! (finger crossed)