1. Can they give you an elevator speech? Lessons learned from Child Welfare Implementation Projects Tammy Richards, MEd David Lambert, PhD Trish Knight, MPP Kris Sahonchik, JD National Conference on Child Abuse and Neglect New Orleans, April 30, 2014

2. 2 An elevator speech communicates: Why are we doing this? How are we doing this? What will be the outcome? An effective elevator speech: Captures urgency Is clear and understood by many Is honest – has heart! An elevator speech indicates: Readiness Communication Commitment Organizational Change: Why an “Elevator Speech”?

3. 3 How can we shift our agency from collecting data, to using it to improve our services for children and families? Organizational Change: Child Welfare Challenges 3 How can our agency ensure good practice? How can we tell that our practices result in positive child and family outcomes? How can we make our practice consistent? How can we ensure that every child and family receives good services?

4. Organizational Change: Our Approach From 2008-2013, the Children’s Bureau funded 5 national implementation centers to develop & apply implementation knowledge within child welfare National Implementation Research Network (NIRN) Framework, posits key implementation stages and drivers important in successful implementation Our Implementation Center (NCIC): NIRN framework with: Partnership, strong, long-term relationships Team based, coaching, insider knowledge/outside perspective Readiness -- willingness and ability to undertake change Culture/Climate -- context, communication, available resources Adaptive Leadership -- Identify friends and foes, recognize loss 4

5. How can we shift our agency from collecting data, to using it to improve our services for children and families? 5 Implementation Project Sites New Jersey: Manage by Data Design and implement a model to train Data Fellows using a competitive selection process New Hampshire: Development of a Practice Model Design practice model using inclusive process, focus on family engagement, incorporate Solution- Based Casework Vermont: Model of Practice Supports Support Practice Model: Develop hiring, performance and practice guidance, enhance data/Quality Improvement structure How do we ensure that our practice model values are reflected in all aspects of our work? Why do reunification rates vary so widely among our local offices? How can we make our practice consistent?

6. 6 Implementation Project Sites Penobscot & Passamaquoddy: Articulation of practice models in each community Updated policies and tribal codes, enhanced capacity for data collection Massachusetts: Supervisory Curriculum Develop and implement supervisory training and coaching program to support implementation of the agency's practice model New York: Supports for Child Welfare Supervisors Pilot supervisory practice model in select counties to test strategies, individual group coaching, skills clinics on identified competencies How do we ensure that our values are reflected in all aspects of our work? In our county based system, how can we improve supervision so that we can support best practice? How do we use supervision to reinforce our practice model?

7. Completed Implementation Projects: Sample Outcomes Vermont: Increased access to family meetings Increased rate of kinship placement New Hampshire: Increase in parent engagement Greater avenues for parent/youth engagement Improved avenues for achieving permanency for youth Increased quantity and quality of worker contacts with clients 7

8. New Jersey: Improved hotline performance. Fellows learned that hotline screeners can improve investigation practice if they can reduce the rate of anonymous referrals. – Found screeners had extremely varied rates of anonymous referrals (3-50%) – listened to the recorded calls of screeners, discovered low rate screeners persuaded more callers to give their names by using strong engagement skills. – captured those skills in a revised script for screeners. Anonymous referrals went down significantly, a decline of more than 2,000 over an 18 month period. 8 Completed Implementation Projects: Sample Outcomes

9. 9 Change is Hard.

10. Helping Agencies Design & Implement Changes How do we…? Help an agency assess their readiness to design and implement agency changes Discover how an agency’s culture and climate: – influence design of changes and implementation; and, – use the design process to shift the culture to support implementation of these changes Support movement through the phases of implementation so organizations can successfully design and implement changes 10

11. Analysis Embedded Evaluation Approach: Insider/Outsider Perspective Interviews with agency staff involved in their state project on the implementation process Conducted three times: early, mid and end of project Questions framed to draw agency staff’s perceptions of the implementation process, including supports & barriers Survey of implementation staff involved in supporting state and tribal projects Identify barriers and facilitators Collaborative, Team Analysis 11

12. How to Change: Phases of Implementation 12 Exploration Identify priority issue Consider potential solutions that fit with agency context Identify general strategy Determine “design of design” Design/Installation Design of Intervention (curriculum, delivery method, develop model, policies that support practice) Detailed Planning for Roll Out (timelines, resource needs, communication strategies, evaluation planning) Implementation Pilot selection Begin roll out (build staff competency, implement supporting organizational structures) Implement Evaluation and QA Structures to provide feedback Further design articulation as needed What do the phases of implementation look like in child welfare agencies that are designing change initiatives?

13. Exploration 13 Exploration Identify priority issue Consider potential solutions that fit with agency context Identify general strategy Determine “design of design” This is what we’ve identified as a problem, how we determined it is a problem, and why it is very important to solve. Elevator Speech Begins…

14. Exploration: Readiness Components 14 Organizational Readiness Leadership Commitment Motivation/ Priorities Use of Evidence and Peer Learning Current Capacity Culture and Climate Use of Agency Data to Drive Decisions Self- Reflection Resources Clarity of Vision

15. Exploration: Readiness 15

16. 16 What is the problem or Need? How long has it been a problem? How will you know it has been solved? Who is affected, or impacted? Who is most invested? Friends and foes? History of prior attempts to change? What are the current priorities? What resources are available? Outcome: Agency can clearly, and Consistently Articulate the Challenge Outcome: Preliminary Strategies Identified Exploration: Supporting Tasks & Outcomes Facilitate Articulation of the Problem Investigate Current Culture and Climate Partnership Approach: Strong Relationship and Outsider Perspective Help Identify Capacity: Strengths & Gaps Outcome: Adequate Resources Committed

17. 17 Resources Leadership Culture and Climate Exploration: Agency Descriptions A former Director who could talk through the process of implementing a practice model was helpful, she was a peer that could speak of her experience That’s what we see influencing the success of our initiatives over the years, that county organizational culture and climate The Deputy Commissioner had worked on an earlier effort on supervision, so it’s an issue that is near and dear to her

18. Design 18 We identified a problem. It’s important because…. This is how we are going to solve it…. and we’ll know that we have solved it when we see this happening…. Elevator Speech articulated by those involved in designing the intervention

19. Design of the Design 19 Design Strategy to Increase Acceptance of Change Create Competitive or Collaborative Process Decide Scope: Pilot (testing) Seeding (develop champions) Agency-wide (saturation) Involve End User in Design Invite Both Friends and Foes Leadership Involvement Shows Priority Create urgency but ensure adequate time/resources Connect to Mid Manager Concerns

20. 20 Design: The Influence of Culture & Climate

21. 21 Design: Measuring Changes

22. 22 Design strategy to increase acceptance of Change Clearly describe expected, measurable practice changes Consistently communicate about changes Elevator Speech: Articulates what is changing, why, and how Intervention: Well-defined practice change Design: Supporting Tasks & Outcomes Identify needs, obtain resources, hire full time manager Cross- Functional Team with roles, expectations, authority Identify system shifts to support new practice Evaluation Plan: Understandable initial, mid, & final outcomes Detailed Work Plan and Management Structure Strengthening the Vision Supporting the Management

23. 23 Resources Stakeholder Involvement Culture and Climate Design: Agency Descriptions If we hadn’t had the Project Manager, Parent Partner, Youth Partner, and technical assistance, we couldn’t have done what we’ve done We had data available; it was on everyone’s desktop. People knew that the organization had valued it enough to have it out there The bottom up design… as I’m going out and doing training, staff are saying “I know this, I developed this”

24. Implementation & Sustainability 24 Exploration Identify priority issue Consider potential solutions that fit with agency context Identify general strategy Determine “design of design” Design/ Installation Design of Intervention (curriculum, delivery method, develop model, policies that support practice) Detailed Planning for Roll Out (timelines, resource needs, communication strategies, evaluation planning) Implementation Pilot selection Begin roll out (build staff competency, implement supporting organizational structures) Implement Evaluation and QA Structures to provide feedback Further design articulation as needed We identified a problem. It’s important because…. This is how we are going to solve it…. and we’ll know that we have solved it when we see this happening…. Elevator Speech is fully developed, most agency staff can give this speech to each other and to outsiders

25. 25 Maintain assessment of culture and climate: Where are changes gaining support? Where is it blocked? Continue to ask if change is well operationalized. Do staff at all levels understand? Clear and Constant Messaging, multiple venues, internally and externally Competency based strategies, including application of skills and coaching/ feedback Data and Evaluation Used for ongoing- reflection and decision making Implementation & Sustainability: Supporting Tasks & Outcomes Identify systems that will be required to shift to support new practice Protect resources that will be needed to continue to support new practice Purposefully build structures to use project data to reflect and make decisions Implementation progress is communicated by Leadership and Cross Functional Teams Financial planning/ budgeting developed and integrated to sustain effort Communicate the Vision Continue to Manage

26. 26 Resources Staff Competency Culture and Climate Implementation: Agency Descriptions (Our state) could have written the book how to implement a practice model during budget cuts You really had to challenge the status quo. People had reasons why things weren’t happening. This project changed their whole mindset More defining: what does it mean day-to-day? That’s very hard work to do, to get very specific about what is implemented at the field level

27. Sustainability: Strategies 27 Change is now “The Way We Do Business” Integrate Evaluation with Quality Assurance System Cross Functional Project Team: communication, evaluation, implementation Feedback loops: give and receive communication Structures for ongoing use of data Financial planning/budgeting integrated to sustain effort Performance Appraisals reward skilled performance Hiring practices recruit those likely to embrace changes

28. Sustainability 28

29. Sample Questions for Implementers Articulate need/problem: Have you tried to solve it before? If so, what happened? How would you know that this problem has been solved? Identify champions and assess potential resistance: Who would need to change the way that they work for this problem to be solved? What would keep them from changing? What would motivate them to make necessary changes? Understand current agency capacity: Can you tell me about the last time your agency decided to make a similar change ? Who was involved? What went well? What were the challenges? 29 Explore and Assess

30. Sample Questions for Implementers Resource Needs for Design & Implementation Who will have the primary responsibility for coordinating this work? What will be required for staff time? Staff travel? Stakeholders Who Should be Involved/Connected in Design Whose behavior will need to change? What will motivate them to change? How can we use their practice expertise as we solve this problem? Cross Functional Project Team(s) What decision making structures will teams use? What is the authority of the team? Evaluation & Assessment What are the observable and measurable practice changes? How will they be assessed? Vision and Communication Are we clearly able to explain why we are making this change, what the change is, and what the outcome should be? Would other staff in our agency be able to give this elevator speech? 30 Design and Install:

31. Sample Questions for Implementers Feedback and Communication Where are are the changes gaining support? Why? Where are the changes blocked? Why? Staff Competency How are staff receiving feedback about whether or not they have been successful in making these changes? Assess Work Plan & Budget How well are you meeting timelines? Why or why not? How is the budget? Are resources as expected? Are shifts in resources necessary and/or possible? Integration and Sustainability To what extent has the change been integrated into daily practice up and down the organization? How can you tell? How are leaders and staff showing their commitment to sustaining the change initiative? How will they continue to be ? 31 Design and Install:

32. Back to the Elevator Speech 32 Some examples from state/tribal projects….

33. “This is not a new initiative… it will be our way of life” Maggie Bishop, NH DCYF Director May 2009 New Hampshire: Creating a Practice Model

34. 34

35. The program is amazing - the wealth of knowledge provided as well as the fundamental skills acquired are both so essential to us as Division leaders (or want-to- be-leaders)…the Fellows program information I have learned can be utilized immediately, everyday and is most applicable to the work we do daily. The analytical skills being taught are priceless to our positions. -New Jersey Data Fellow email to Department of Children and Families Executive

36. Back to the Elevator Speech 36 Questions? Thoughts? Examples?

37. 37 Why Change? 37 We must make changes so that children and families receive the best possible services

38. Can they give you an elevator speech? Lessons learned through an analysis of Child Welfare Implementation Projects For more information, please contact: Tammy Richards, MEd tammyr@usm.maine.edu 207-780-5959 David Lambert, PhD davidl@usm.maine.edu 207-780-4502 Trish Knight, MPP teknight@usm.maine.edu 207-780-4433 Kris Sahonchik, JD kriss@usm.maine.edu 207-780-5588