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Digital Integrated Circuits© Prentice Hall 1995 Devices Jan M. Rabaey The Devices.

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Presentation on theme: "Digital Integrated Circuits© Prentice Hall 1995 Devices Jan M. Rabaey The Devices."— Presentation transcript:

1 Digital Integrated Circuits© Prentice Hall 1995 Devices Jan M. Rabaey The Devices

2 Digital Integrated Circuits© Prentice Hall 1995 Devices Goal of this chapter

3 Digital Integrated Circuits© Prentice Hall 1995 Devices The Diode n p p n BA SiO 2 Al A B A B Cross-section of pn-junction in an IC process One-dimensional representationdiode symbol

4 Digital Integrated Circuits© Prentice Hall 1995 Devices Depletion Region

5 Digital Integrated Circuits© Prentice Hall 1995 Devices Diode Current

6 Digital Integrated Circuits© Prentice Hall 1995 Devices Forward Bias

7 Digital Integrated Circuits© Prentice Hall 1995 Devices Reverse Bias

8 Digital Integrated Circuits© Prentice Hall 1995 Devices Diode Types

9 Digital Integrated Circuits© Prentice Hall 1995 Devices Models for Manual Analysis

10 Digital Integrated Circuits© Prentice Hall 1995 Devices Junction Capacitance

11 Digital Integrated Circuits© Prentice Hall 1995 Devices Diffusion Capacitance

12 Digital Integrated Circuits© Prentice Hall 1995 Devices Diode Switching Time

13 Digital Integrated Circuits© Prentice Hall 1995 Devices Secondary Effects

14 Digital Integrated Circuits© Prentice Hall 1995 Devices Diode Model

15 Digital Integrated Circuits© Prentice Hall 1995 Devices SPICE Parameters

16 Digital Integrated Circuits© Prentice Hall 1995 Devices The MOS Transistor

17 Digital Integrated Circuits© Prentice Hall 1995 Devices Cross-Section of CMOS Technology

18 Digital Integrated Circuits© Prentice Hall 1995 Devices MOS transistors Types and Symbols D S G D S G G S DD S G NMOS Enhancement NMOS PMOS Depletion Enhancement B NMOS with Bulk Contact

19 Digital Integrated Circuits© Prentice Hall 1995 Devices Threshold Voltage: Concept

20 Digital Integrated Circuits© Prentice Hall 1995 Devices The Threshold Voltage

21 Digital Integrated Circuits© Prentice Hall 1995 Devices Current-Voltage Relations

22 Digital Integrated Circuits© Prentice Hall 1995 Devices Current-Voltage Relations

23 Digital Integrated Circuits© Prentice Hall 1995 Devices Transistor in Saturation

24 Digital Integrated Circuits© Prentice Hall 1995 Devices I-V Relation

25 Digital Integrated Circuits© Prentice Hall 1995 Devices A model for manual analysis

26 Digital Integrated Circuits© Prentice Hall 1995 Devices Dynamic Behavior of MOS Transistor

27 Digital Integrated Circuits© Prentice Hall 1995 Devices The Gate Capacitance

28 Digital Integrated Circuits© Prentice Hall 1995 Devices Average Gate Capacitance Most important regions in digital design: saturation and cut-off Different distributions of gate capacitance for varying operating conditions

29 Digital Integrated Circuits© Prentice Hall 1995 Devices Diffusion Capacitance

30 Digital Integrated Circuits© Prentice Hall 1995 Devices Junction Capacitance

31 Digital Integrated Circuits© Prentice Hall 1995 Devices Linearizing the Junction Capacitance Replace non-linear capacitance by large-signal equivalent linear capacitance which displaces equal charge over voltage swing of interest

32 Digital Integrated Circuits© Prentice Hall 1995 Devices The Sub-Micron MOS Transistor

33 Digital Integrated Circuits© Prentice Hall 1995 Devices Threshold Variations

34 Digital Integrated Circuits© Prentice Hall 1995 Devices Parasitic Resistances

35 Digital Integrated Circuits© Prentice Hall 1995 Devices Velocity Saturation (1)

36 Digital Integrated Circuits© Prentice Hall 1995 Devices Velocity Saturation (2)

37 Digital Integrated Circuits© Prentice Hall 1995 Devices Sub-Threshold Conduction

38 Digital Integrated Circuits© Prentice Hall 1995 Devices Latchup

39 Digital Integrated Circuits© Prentice Hall 1995 Devices SPICE MODELS

40 Digital Integrated Circuits© Prentice Hall 1995 Devices MAIN MOS SPICE PARAMETERS

41 Digital Integrated Circuits© Prentice Hall 1995 Devices SPICE Parameters for Parasitics

42 Digital Integrated Circuits© Prentice Hall 1995 Devices SPICE Transistors Parameters

43 Digital Integrated Circuits© Prentice Hall 1995 Devices Fitting level-1 model for manual analysis

44 Digital Integrated Circuits© Prentice Hall 1995 Devices Technology Evolution

45 Digital Integrated Circuits© Prentice Hall 1995 Devices Bipolar Transistor

46 Digital Integrated Circuits© Prentice Hall 1995 Devices Schematic Symbols and Sign Conventions

47 Digital Integrated Circuits© Prentice Hall 1995 Devices Operations Modes

48 Digital Integrated Circuits© Prentice Hall 1995 Devices Forward Active Operation

49 Digital Integrated Circuits© Prentice Hall 1995 Devices Current Components

50 Digital Integrated Circuits© Prentice Hall 1995 Devices Reverse Active

51 Digital Integrated Circuits© Prentice Hall 1995 Devices Saturation Mode

52 Digital Integrated Circuits© Prentice Hall 1995 Devices Cutoff

53 Digital Integrated Circuits© Prentice Hall 1995 Devices Bipolar Transistor Operation

54 Digital Integrated Circuits© Prentice Hall 1995 Devices A Model for Manual Analysis

55 Digital Integrated Circuits© Prentice Hall 1995 Devices Capacitive Model for Bipolar Transistor

56 Digital Integrated Circuits© Prentice Hall 1995 Devices Junction Capacitances

57 Digital Integrated Circuits© Prentice Hall 1995 Devices Base Charge - Diffusion Capacitance

58 Digital Integrated Circuits© Prentice Hall 1995 Devices Bipolar Transistors - Secondary Effects Early Voltage Parasitic Resistances Beta Variations

59 Digital Integrated Circuits© Prentice Hall 1995 Devices Early Voltage

60 Digital Integrated Circuits© Prentice Hall 1995 Devices Parasitic Resistance

61 Digital Integrated Circuits© Prentice Hall 1995 Devices Beta Variations

62 Digital Integrated Circuits© Prentice Hall 1995 Devices SPICE models for Bipolar

63 Digital Integrated Circuits© Prentice Hall 1995 Devices Main Bipolar Transistor SPICE Models

64 Digital Integrated Circuits© Prentice Hall 1995 Devices Spice Parameters for Parasitics

65 Digital Integrated Circuits© Prentice Hall 1995 Devices SPICE Transistor Parameters

66 Digital Integrated Circuits© Prentice Hall 1995 Devices Process Variations

67 Digital Integrated Circuits© Prentice Hall 1995 Devices Impact of Device Variations


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