2. The 3 motives reinforce each other Political: Become a world power through gaining wealth and land. (______________) Religious: spread Christianity and weaken Middle Eastern Muslims. (____________) Economic : Search for new trade routes with direct access to Asian/African luxury goods would enrich individuals and their nations (_________) Europeans Conquer Aztecs and Incas

3. MERCANTILIS M COLONIZATION IS A NATURAL OUTGROWTH OF EXPLORATION COLONIES EXIST TO BENEFIT THE “________________” 1.Get as much gold and silver as you can 2.Establish a ______________________ 3.Get colonies

4. Who: CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS When: 1492 CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS What: Nina, Pinta, __________________ Discovered Americas looking for westward route to Asia Met “______________” – very generous Columbus’ men treated Taino very harsh Claimed land for Spain Taino that resisted were killed Columbus required Taino to give him Gold – those that did not were killed

5. Spanish soldiers who came to the New World to help conquer and settle the Americas for Spain and look for ______________.Spanish soldiers who came to the New World to help conquer and settle the Americas for Spain and look for ______________. Some of their methods were harsh and brutal especially to the Native American population.Some of their methods were harsh and brutal especially to the Native American population. Guns, Cannons, Armor, Horses, _________Guns, Cannons, Armor, Horses, _________ With every Spanish explorer were conquistadors and members of the _____________ to convert Native Americans.With every Spanish explorer were conquistadors and members of the _____________ to convert Native Americans.

6. HERMAN CORTES When: 1519 What: Conquistador Conquered the Aztecs (Mexico) Dona Maria – translator for Cortes Cortes allied with enemies of the Atzecs Moctezuma felt Cortes was the Aztec god- king, Quetzalcoatl who had promised to return from the east 1521 – Cortes conquered Tenochtitlan

7. Who: Francisco Pizarro When: 1532 What: Conquistador  Conquered the Incas (Peru)  Defeated Atahualpa (Inca king)

8. Good Doors to the Americas were opened A ‘New World’ was discovered – Colonies Increased trade Geographic knowledge ________________ spread BAD Natives got diseases that killed them Natives lost their freedom, customs and pride

9. 1. Spanish Monarchs allowed to demand labor / tribute (cheap labor supply) = ______________ “granted” to deserving subjects of the King 2. In return the Conquistador was obligated to protect his wards instruct them in the Christian faith defend their right to use and live off the land 3. Encomienda system eventually decimated Indian population 4. The king prevented the encomienda with the ___________(1542) supported by ___________, the system gradually died out.

10. Father Bartolomé de Las Casas Believed Native Americans had been treated harshly by the Spanish Indians could be educated and converted to ________________ Believed Indian culture was advanced as European but in different ways

11. SOCIAL CLASSES ______________  Born in Spain (Iberian Peninsula  “Peninsulares”  Controlled government  Controlled Church CREOLES American born descendants of Spanish settlers Owned plantations/mines ______________  Native American and European descent MULATTOES o African and European descent