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Mongols and Aztecs: Empires from 1200-1500
Mongol Empire Aztec Empire IDs: Chinggis Khan, (c ), flower songs, tribute
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Comparison of Empires Mongol Empire Aztec Empire
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I. Mongols A. Huge empire by conquest
Largest land empire in world history
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B. Origins on frontier Steppe nomads tribal division tribal wars
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ger (yurt)
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C. Unity of tribes by personality & ideology
Chinggis (Genghis) Khan, Temujin Tengri Transforms tribal division to Mongol identity
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Mongol Empire, ca. 1280
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D. Military Strength/Fearsome Reputation
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ponies bows 60 miles/ per day
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E. Attacking more civilized/settled peoples
Kubilai Khan Conquers Southern Song dynasty in 1280 founds Yuan dynasty
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Adoption of Chinese culture
Difficulty of control (too few Mongols)
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F. Tribute Systems Wealth, horses, grain, etc. Manpower Taxed trade
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G. Loosely structured, unstable conquest state
Using officials from different cultures (Persian or Central Asian officials used in China)
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H.Unity Imposed on Central Afro-Eurasia: Peace” & Trade
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Travel: Marco Polo & Ibn Battuta
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II. Aztecs Mesoamerican city-states Toltec Mixtec Zapotec Maya
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A. Empire of Conquest 1. Conquest ( )
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B. Aztec Frontier Origins
Semi-nomadic Chichimecs from northern desert Méxica Aztlán
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Establishment at Lake Texcoco
Toltecs Mercenaries Tenochtitlán
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Tenochtitlán
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C. United by Religious Ideology: Huitzilpochtli (sun)
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D. Military Strength/Fearsome Reputation
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E. Attacking more civilized/settled peoples
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F. Tribute Systems
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G. Loosely structured, unstable state
Instablity Revolts
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H. Alternative Religious Ideology: Quetzalcoatl
Nezahualcoyotl King of Texcoco Flower songs
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Childbirth
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Childhood
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